The first settlers drawn to the New Purchase were Jacob Whetzel and his son Cyrus. The former was the brother the latter the nephew of the noted scout and Indian fighter, Lewis Whetzel, or Wetzel, distinguished in the bloody annals of West Virginia and Pennsylvania. The elder Whetzel, "says Mr. Nowland in his "Prominent Citizens," "soon after the conclusion of the St. Mary's treaty went to Anderson, head chief of the Delawares who lived in the large Delaware town named for the chief and retaining the name still, and from him obtained permission to 'blaze a trace' from the White Water in Franklin County to the Bluffs of White River. It may be as well to explain for the benefit of later settlers that "blazing" was cutting away a large strip of bark and wood from a tree trunk on the side nest to the proposed "trace" or road. Such a mark would remain conspicuous for many months in an interminable forest without a sign of human presence except that, and a series of them close together along the line of a proposed road would be a sure and easy guide to backwoodsmen or any traveler with sense enough to be trusted alone. The two Whetzels came to the Bluffs in the spring of 1819, before the government surveys were completed or commenced in some cases. Their settlement was a little below the present south boundary of the county.

"The first white residents of the county, Mr. Duncan (before referred to) says, were Judge Fabius M. Finch, his father and family, who came to the site of Noblesville or near it in the spring of 1819, "that region being then a part of the county, but separated in a few years. In the fall of 1818 one Dr. Douglass came up the river from below to the Bluffs. and remained there a short time, and in January, 1819 James Paxton came down the river from the upper waters to the site of the city, and came again a year later in 1820 The first settler in the present area of the county will probably remain an unsettled question for all time, as it was a disputed point in 1822, has been ever since and is more peremptorily disputed now than ever. The prevailing tradition is that George Pogue, a blacksmith from the White Water settlements, came here March 2, 1819, building a double log cabin on the line of Michigan Street a little way east of the creek on the high ground bordering the creek bottom, and lived there with his family the solitary occupants of Marion County within its present limits till the 27th of the following February, when John and James McCormick arrived with their families and built cabins on the river bank near the old National road bridge. The priority of settlement lies between these families and Mr. Pogue's. Within a few months past one William H. White, of Hancock County claims that he was born on the city site October 4, 1819, near where Odd Fellows Hall now stands on the corner of Washington and Pennsylvania Streets. Old settlers as early as 1820-21 have no recollection of any account of such an occurrence and births were too rare in those days to allow the first one in the county or any suggestion of it, however vague or doubtful to be forgotten. The impression seems to be that Mr. White has been misled by some accidental confusion or by the failing memory of his relatives. He may be right, but he is distrusted by settlers who arrived here within a year of the alleged occurrence, and discredited by the opportunities of knowing the truth of many who arrived within two years and repel his claim.  

 In the summer of 1822, a little more than a year after Pogue's death, Dr. Samuel G. Mitchell, the oldest physician in the place published in the Gazette, the first paper in the place a discussion of the pretensions of Pogue to the honor of being the first setter in which be maintained that the McCormicks were the first and that Pogue came a month later about the time the Maxwells and Cowan came. No reply was made to this direct attack on the general opinion of the settlers, which certainly suggests a reasonable probability that its statement was indisputable, and that the tradition of a general concurrence in awarding Pogue the credit is ill founded. But there comes in here the countervailing consideration that the pioneers of the backwoods were little given to glorifying the pen or looking to the papers for instruction. Nobody may have we been disposed to take the trouble to contradict what he knew nobody but Mitchell believed or he may very fairly have concluded that in a little two old village in the woods it would be less trouble to contradict the story " by word of mouth" to every man in the place than to attempt so unusual a feat as writing for the papers. But this early and public contest of Pogue's claim by an intelligent man, at a time when there could hardly have been   an adult, male or female, who did not know the truth, creates a strong doubt against the current of tradition. The probability inclines to Mrs. Pogue's statement at an " Old Settlers"' meeting in 1854, as Mr. Robert B. Duncan remembers it. She was more than fourscore years old then, but her memory of early events seemed clear and accurate. She said that her husband and family came here on the 2nd of March 1820, and the McCormicks came on the 7tb of the same month. This seems to be final as   to the first settlement befog made in 1820 instead of 1819, as has generally been believed, whether it settles the question of individual priority or not. Where two or three families arrive at a place in a primeval forest within four or five days of each other, and a mile or two apart, it is easy to see how each set of the separated settlers may suppose itself the first. Virtually they are simultaneous arrivals, and the truth, or at least the probability, of history compromises this long mooted question by concluding that the Pogues and McCormicks were all first settlers.   

Whether Pogue was the first man to live here or not, he was certainly the first to die here. Mr. Nowland's description of the man and account of his death so strikingly exhibit some of the characteristics of the time and country that it is reproduced here. " "George Pogue was a large, broad shouldered, and stout man, with dark hair, eyes, and complexion, about fifty years of age, and a native of North Carolina. His dress was like that of a Pennsylvania Dutchman; a drab Overcoat with many capes, and a broad brimmed felt hat. He was a blacksmith, and the first of that trade to enter the 'New Purchase.' To look at the man as we saw him last, one would think he was not afraid to meet a whole camp of Delawares in battle array which fearlessness, in fact, was most probably the cause of his death. One evening about twilight a straggling Indian, known to the settlers as well as to the Indians as Wyandotte John, stopped at the cabin of Mr. Pogue and asked to stay all night. Mr. Pogue did not like to keep him, but thought it best not to refuse, as the Indian was known to be a bad and very desperate man, having left his own tribe in Ohio for some offense, and was now wandering among the various Indiana tribes. His principal lodging place the previous winter was a hollow sycamore log that lay under the bluff and just above the east end of the National road bridge over White River. (Above the site of the bridge, Mr. Nowland means, as the bridge was not built for more than ten years after.) On the upper side of the log he had hooks, made by cutting the forks or limbs of bushes, on which he rested his gun.   At the open end of the log next to the water he built his fire, which rendered his domicile as comfortable as most of the cabins. After John was furnished with something to eat, Mr. Pogue, knowing him to be traveling from one Indian camp to another, inquired if he had seen any white man's horses at any of the camps. John said he had left a camp of Delawares that morning, describing the place to be on Buck Creek, about twelve miles east, and near where the Rushville State road crosses that creek; that he had seen horses there with iron hoofs (they had been shod), and described the horses so minutely as to lead Mr. Pogue to believe they were his. Although the horses were described so accurately, Mr. Pogue was afraid that it was a deception to lure him into the woods, and mentioned his suspicions to his family. When the Indian left the next morning he took a direction towards the river, where nearly all the settlement was. Pogue followed him for some distance to see whether he would turn his course towards the Indian camps, but found that he kept directly on towards the river. Mr. Pogue returned to his cabin and told his family he was going to the Indian camp for his horses. He took his gun, and with his dog " set out on foot for the Delaware camp, and was never afterwards seen or heard of. We remember that there were a great many conflicting stories about his clothes and horses being seen in possession of the Indians, all of which were untrue. There can be no doubt that the Wyandotte told Mr. Pogue the truth in regard to the horses, and in his endeavor to get possession of them had a difficulty with the Delawares and was killed, at least that was the prevailing opinion at the time. Nothing has ever been learned of his fate to this day, further then that he was never seen or heard of again, though the settlers formed a company to search all the Indian camps within fifty miles to find some indication that might lead to a clearing up of the mystery." Pogue's Creek, once the pride and now the pest of the city, takes its name from the proto-martyr, if not proto-settler, of the and county.     

Within a week or two after the arrival of the McCormicks, John Maxwell and John Cowan came and built on the high ground near the present crossing of the Crawfordsville road over Fall Creek, very near the site of the City Hospital. During the following three months a number of new-comers arrived, and settled principally in the vicinity, of the River. Those best remembered are the Davis brothers (Henry and Samuel), Isaac Wilson ('who built the first cabin on what was afterwards the old town plat in May'), Robert Harding, Mr. Barnhill, Mr. Corbaley, Mr. Van Blaricum. About the time of the arrival of the last of this first group of pioneers the State capital located here by the commissioners appointed by Legislature for that purpose. 

When the State was admitted into the union, April 19, 1816, a donation of four sections -- four square miles-was made by Congress for the site of a capital, to be located wherever the State might choose upon unsold lands of the government. No selection had been made or attempted in the four years since the States admission. The capital, which had been kept at Vincennes by Governor Harrison during his administration as Territorial Governor from 1801 to 1812, was removed to Corydon, Harrison Co., by the Legislature, May 1, I813, and remained there till its permanent settlement here in the fall of 1824. On the 11th of January 1820, the Legislature appointed ten commissioners to make selection of a site for a permanent capital. They were John Tipton (an old Indian trader), John Conner (brother of William above referred to, and like him reared from childhood among the Indians the founder of (Connersville), George Hunt, John Gilliland, Stephen Ludlow, Joseph Bartholomew, Jesse B. Durham, Frederick Rapp, William Prince, Thomas Emerson. They were ordered to meet at Conner's place (north of the city) early in the spring. Apparently only half of them served, as only five votes were given in determining the selection. But Mr. Nowland now says there were nine when the party got to Conner's, Mr. Prince alone being unable to attend. If this is correct there must have been four commissioners who did not like any of the sites examined and declined to vote. A part of them met at Vincennes about the middle of May 1820, and were joined there by the father and uncle of Mr. Nowland, who were on their way to Kentucky from Illinois, but were persuaded to accompany the commissioners.

The party ascended the river to the Bluffs, where the Whetzels had settled the year before and had been joined by four or five other families. After resting a day at this point and making an examination of it, they came on up to the mouth of Fall Creek, and remained a day, some of them expressing themselves pleased with the country and disposed to put the capital here. Mr. Nowland told the commissioners that if the location were made here he would move out in the fall, and do all he could to induce other Kentuckians to join him. The mouth of Fall Creek bad been the customary place of crossing the river by the whites ever since the White River Valley had been known to them. Mr. Nowland (the author) says that Lieut. (afterwards general and President) Taylor told him that he had crossed the river here with his force when going from Louisville to the Wabash to build Fort Harrison now Terre Haute in 1811. While the force was here Col. Abel C. Pepper, United States Marshal of the State under Taylor, met Tecumseh, who was on a mission to the Delawares doubtless to induce them to join his combination against the whites. The party went on to Conners, Some sixteen miles north, as before stated, and examined the situation there. One or two seemed to favor it, but the whole party returned here, and after re-examining the country, decided on the 7th of June, 1820, by vote of three to two, for the Bluffs, to locate the capital here. On the 6th of January following, 1821, the selection was approved by the Legislature and the location decided irrevocably.

The commissioners reported that they had selected Sections 1 and 12, east and west fractional sections numbered 2, east fractional section numbered 11, and so much of the east part of west fractional section numbered 3, to be set off by a line north and south, as will complete the donation of two thousand five hundred and sixty acres, is, Township 15, Range 3 east. The Legislature, after approving the location, named the future city and capital Indianapolis, the "city of Indiana." The name was suggested by the late Judge Jeremiah Sullivan, in the committee charged with the preparation of the confirmatory bill. He gave an interesting account of the affair in a letter to Governor Baker, which may be pertinently introduced here: "

I have a very distinct recollection of the great diversity of opinion that prevailed as to the name by which the new town should receive legislative baptism. The bill, if I remember aright, was reported by Judge Polk, and was in the main very acceptable. A blank, of course, was left for the name of the town that was to become the seat of government, and   during the two or three days we spent in endeavoring to fill the blank there was in the debate some sharpness and much amusement. Gen. Marston G. Clark, of Washington County, proposed Tecumseh as the name, and very earnestly insisted on its adoption. When it failed he suggested other Indian names, which I have forgotten. They all were rejected. A member proposed 'Suwarrow,' which met with no favor. Other names were proposed discussed, laughed at, and voted down, and the House, without coming to any agreement, adjourned until the next day. There were many amusing things said, but my remembrance of them is not sufficiently distinct to state them with accuracy. I had gone to Corydon with the intention of proposing Indianapolis as the name of the town, and on the evening of the adjournment above mentioned, or the next morning, I suggested to Mr. Samuel Merrill, the representative frown Switzerland, County, the name I proposed. He at once adopted it, and said he would support it. We together called on Governor Jennings, who had been a witness of the amusing proceedings the day previous and told him what conclusion we had come to, and asked him what he thought of the name. He gave us to understand that he favored It, and that he would not hesitate to so express himself. When the House met and went into committee on the bill, I moved to fill the blank with Indianapolis. The name created quite a laugh. Mr. Merrill, however, seconded the motion. We discussed the matter fully, gave our reasons in support of the proposition, the members conversed with other informally in regard to it, and the name gradually commended itself to the committee, and was adopted. The principal reason in favor of adopting the name proposed-to wit, that the Greeks termination would indicate to all the world the locality of the town-was, I am sure, the reason that overcame the opposition to the name. The town was finally named Indianapolis with but little if any opposition." One may well feel puzzled to understand a force exerted by the argument that `' the Greek termination of the name would indicate the locality of the town." The termination means " city," and that is all. The other half of the name would indicate locality though, and the combination would fairly enough suggest a State capital, so that its aptness is evident, whether the argument that secured it was sound or not.     

By the same act of approval and naming the new capital the Legislature appointed Christopher Harrison (no relative of the general's), James Jones, and Samuel P. Booker commissioners to lay off the town. They were directed to meet on the site on the first Monday of April, 1821, to perform that duty, and make plats or maps of the town, one for the Secretary of State and one for the State agent. They were also to advertise and hold a sale of the lots as soon as practicable, reserving the alternate lots. The proceeds of the sales were to be used in erecting the buildings required by the government. Harrison was only one of the commissioners who attempted to perform his duties. He was a Marylander by birth, a very eccentric man, of excellent education and cultivated tastes, who came to Southern Indiana early in the century, and some years after the completion of his work as commissioner returned to Maryland, and lived to a ripe old age. It is said on good authority that he was engaged to Miss Elizabeth Patterson, a noted belle of Baltimore, the attentions of Prince Jerome Bonaparte overpowered her scruples and her faith, and she married the brother of the great Corsican, only to find herself repudiated by him and excluded from the ambition that had betrayed her. Mr. Harrison came to Jefferson County about 1804, and lived there the life of a hermit with his dogs and books for several years, then removed to Salem, Washington Co., and there his rare attainments - rare in the backwoods at least-and his abilities forced him into public life, and finally into the position of founder of the city of Indianapolis. He came to the little yearling village at the time appointed, and selected as surveyors Alexander Ralston and Elias P. Fordham, with Benjamin I. Blythe as clerk of the Board of Commissioners. 

Mr. Blythe lived to an advanced age is the city, and was one of the earliest of the enterprising men who laid the foundations of the city's port-packing prosperity. Of Mr. Fordham little appears to hare been known at the time, and nothing can be learned now. Ralston was a Scotchman, a man of marked ability and rare attainments as well as high character. When quite young he bad been employed is assisting the laying out of Washington City, and maybe got then the preference for wide streets and oblique avenues which he exhibited so signally and beneficially here. He became associated with Burr's expedition, presumably in ignorance of it real character, as most of the conspirator's following were, came West in connection with it, and remained when it failed. He remained in Indianapolis after completing his work, and in 1825 was appointed by the Legislature to survey White River and make an estimate of the expense of removing the drifts and snags and other obstructions to navigation, and reported the following winter. He built a brick residence on West Maryland Street, a half square west of Tennessee, and lived there till his death, early in 18'27. He was buried in the '"Old Cemetery," and his grave was long unknown. A few years ago, however, some old residents made a close examination and found it, or were confident they had. 

The Indiana Journal of January 9, 1827 contained an obituary, notice of him, which from his prominence in the settlement may be reproduced here. He died on the 5th at the age of fifty-six. "Mr. Ralston was a native of Scotland, but emigrated early in life to America. He lived many years at the city of Washington, then at Louisville, Ky., afterwards near Salem, in this State, nod for the last five years in this place. His earliest and latest occupation in the United States was surveying, in which he was long employed by the government at Washington, and his removal to this place was occasioned by his appointment to make the original survey of it. During the intervening period merchandise and agriculture engaged his attention. In the latter part of his life he was our county surveyor, and his leisure time was employed in attending to a neat garden in which various useful and ornamental plants, fruit, etc., were carefully cultivated. Mr. Ralston was successful in his profession, honest in his dealings, gentlemanly in his deportment. a liberal and hospitable citizen, and a sincere and ardent. friend. He had experienced much both of the pleasures and pains incident to human life. The respect and esteem of the generous and good were always awarded to him, and he found constant satisfaction in conferring favors. not only on his owns species but even on the humblest of the brute creation; he would not willingly set foot upon a worm. But his unsuspecting nature made him liable to imposition; his sanguine expectations were often disappointed. His independent spirit sometimes provoked opposition, and his extreme sensibility was frequently put to the severest trials. Though he stood alone among us in respect to family, his loss will be long lamented." Mr. Nowland adds that the old bachelor's house was kept for him by a colored woman named Chaney Lively," who was the second colored person in the place. Dr. Mitchell brought the first, a boy named Ephraim Ensaw. These were the first colored residents, but a colored man came out with Mr. Maxwell in 1820, and remained here a few months. His name was Aaron Wallace, and a few years ago he returned here to reside permanently after an absence of nearly sixty years. " Aunt Chaney" as she was called, was well known to the South Side school boys forty-five or fifty years ago. Her residence was the northwest corner of Maryland and Meridian Streets. She married a barber named Britton.   

  On the completion of the surveying force, work was begun at once in marking out the sections and fractions selected by the locating commissioners in June, 1820. The whole donation lay upon the east bank of the river except a fractional section on the west bank, where Indianola stands. A plot of one-mile square was set in the middle of the donation, and almost in the middle of the plat the Circle was placed, to be made the site of the Governor's residence. It was not used for that purpose, however, though a large house was erected there in 1827 at considerable expense, some six thousand five hundred dollars. The publicity of the situation made it undesirable as a family residence, and it was used exclusively as rooms for the judges of the Supreme Court, the State auditor and engineer, the State Library and State Bank, and occasionally for local or individual purposes. It was proposed at one time to add wings on each side and make a State House of it. It was sold as old building material in April, 1857, for six hundred and sixty-five dollars, and torn down and carried off in the last days of the same month. The Circle was not put in the centre of the donation, because if the centre of the town kind corresponded with the centre of the donation, it would have thrown too much of the central portion of the town plat into the valley of Pogue's Creek. The point where the four sections of the donation " corner" is about ten feet west and five feet south of the southeast corner of the lot occupied by the Occidental Hotel. The Circle was set nearly a square east and two squares north for the purpose stated. A natural elevation at this point, thickly covered with a growth of tall straight sugar trees, aided its nearly central situation in making it the centre of the original town plot. It contains between three and four acres, and is surrounded by an eighty feet street.  

Extending north and south from the Circle on a meridian line is Meridian Street, and crossing the latter frond east to west is Market Street, both carried to the limits of the city, except the west end of Market which is blocked at Blackford Street. Parallel with Market and one square south is Washington Street, the main thoroughfare of the city, one hundred and twenty feet wide. The whole plat, one-mile square, is surrounded by ninety feet streets, called respectively, from their location, North, South, East, and West. The area inside these limits is divided into eighty-nine blocks and fractions by nine streets north to south and nine east to west, each ninety feet wide except Washington. The blocks are four hundred and twenty feet square, and are divided into four equal parts, each containing one acre, by alleys fifteen feet wide running north and south, thirty feet running east and west. All the streets except the two central ones meeting at the Circle, the main street, and the four bounding the plat, are named for the States of the Union in 1821. The most marked features of the original design of the city are the Circle nod the avenues radiating from it, and starting at the corners most remote from it of the four blocks that adjoin it. These are named for States like the others. The squares are broken by six fractions and three considerable irregular tracts in Pogue's Run Valley, so that the number of completed squares is only eighty-nine. The intersections of the streets would have made one hundred if completion had been possible. Three lots were made of each quarter of a square or acre, giving to each lot of the original plat one-third of an acre. Few of these now retain their original dimensions. They were sixty-seven and one-half feet wide on the streets by one hundred and ninety-five feet deep, being longer where they abutted upon the narrow alleys. The half mile of the donation lying all around the mile square in the middle of it, except on the riverside was not platted. In 1822 the Legislature ordered the fraction west of the river to be laid off in tracts of five to twenty acres by the State agent, and in 1831 he was ordered to lay off all the remainder of the donation, some nineteen hundred acres, into lots of two to fifty acres, and sell them at a minimum price of ten dollars an acre. These were used chiefly for farming purposes and pastures till the growth of the city began to overrun them. It was never imagined that the city or town would extend to these exterior lots at all, and that they should be covered by it around have been as incredible as an Arabian Night tale. Now the city covers nearly three times the area of the donation. The four streets bounding the old plot-North, South, East, and West-were not in it at first but were put there at the solicitation of James Blade, who represented to Commissioner Harrison the advantages such streets around be as public drives and promenades when the town grew up.

The act of the Legislature creating the commission to lay off the town required the appointment of an agent of the State at six hundred dollars a year for a term of three years, who was to live at Indianapolis and attend to the disposal of the lots. Gen. John Carr was the first agent. The place was subsequently held by several persons, among them James Milroy, Bethuel F. Morris, Ebenezer Sharpe, B. I. Blythe, clerk of the commission, Thomas H. Sharpe and John Cook. The duties were finally transferred to the Secretary of State. The commissioners, or rather one of them, having completed the survey and plat. advertised the first sale for the second Monday in October, 1821, and it took place at the tavern of Mathias Nowland. father of John H. B., author of "Prominent Citizens of Indianapolis." This stood near Washington Street, west of Missouri; and at the request of the State agent, Mr. Nowland had built an addition to serve as an office. Oct. 9, 1821 was " a raw, cold day," says a sketch of the city's early history written some twenty-five years or more ago; " a high wind prevailed, and a man in attendance came near being killed by a falling limb." The town was very much crowded. Strangers from various quarters had come to settle in the near place or to secure property. The three taverns, kept by Hawkins, Carter and Nowland, were crowded, and in many cases the citizens were called upon to share their homes with the newcomers till they could erect cabins. The bidding at the sale was quite spirited and considering the position and advantages of settlement, high prices were obtained in some cases. "The reservation of alternate lots was begun by the commissioner by reserving lot No. 1." The best sales were north and east of the bulk of the settlement, which was on and near the river owing to the prevalence of chills and fever the summer before, when everybody, old and young, was down at one time or another, except Enoch Banks, Thomas Chinn, and Nancy Hendricks. This visitation gave an eastern impulse to settlement, and accounts for the higher prices of lots more remote from the river. The number of lots sold amounted to three hundred and fourteen, mostly in the central and northern parts of the plat, and the total value of the sales was thirty-five thousand five hundred and ninety-six dollars and twenty-five cents The highest price brought by a single lot was by the lot on Washington Street, west of the Court-House Square, which brought five hundred and sixty dollars. That on the same street, west of the State-House Square brought five hundred dollars. The intervening lots sold from one hundred to three hundred dollars each. The conditions of the sale required the payment of one fifth of the purchase money down, and the remainder in four equal annual installments. 

The sales continued a week, and the amount paid down was seven thousand one hundred and nineteen dollars and twenty-five cents. Thomas Carter was auctioneer, and the late James M. Ray clerk of these first sales. Not a few of these lots are now, worth one thousand dollars a front foot, some are worth more. "Out lots that were sold at first for ten, twenty, or thirty dollars could not be bought now, for as many thousands, in some cases twice that. Of the lots purchased at this first sale, one hundred and sixty-nine were afterwards forfeited, or the payments made on one lot were transferred to another under an act passed a little later "for the relief of purchasers of lots in Indianapolis." The early sketch already referred to says, "These forfeited lots and the reserved lots were once or twice afterwards offered at public sale, and kept open for purchase all the time. But prices became depressed, money scarce, sickness caused general despondency, and for several years after the winter of 1821-22 there were but few lots sold. The amount of cash reserve by the State for donation lands up to 1842 was about one hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars." this the law made a public building fund out of which was erected a State House, court-house, Governor's house (in the Circle), treasurer's house and office, office of clerk of the Supreme Court, and a ferryman's house at the foot of Washington Street.

The settlers brought to the new capital by the report of its selection for that purpose speedily trebled its population, and more. During the summer and fall of 1820 there came Dr. Samuel G. Mitchell, John and James Givan (among the first merchants), William or Wilkes Reagan, Matthias Nowland, James M. Ray, James Blake, Nathaniel Cox. Thomas Anderson, John Hawkins, Dr. Livingston Dunlap, Daniel Yandes, David Wood, Col. Alexander W. Russell, Dr. Isaac Coe, Douglass Maguire, and others unnamed and not easily identified as to the time of arrival. Morris Morris is saint by one of these early sketches to have come here in 1819, in the fall (probably inadvertently for 1820), when he came only in the fall of 1821. Mr. Nowland says that James M. Ray, James Blake, Daniel Yandes, the Givans, Dr. Mitchell, Dr. Coe, Dr. Dunlap, Col. Russell came the following spring and summer, 1821, and with them Daniel Shaffer, the first merchant, who died in the summer of 1821, Robert Wilmot, and Calvin Fletcher, the first lawyer. It is impossible now to make a complete list of the settlers up to the laying out of the town and the first sale of lots, but with the help of such records as have been made, and such memories as are accessible, a muster roll of considerable interest can be made: 

• George Pogue (blacksmith), possibly,1819, spring.
• Fabius M. Finch (lawyer), 1819, summer.
• John McCormick (tavern), 1820,spring.
• James McCormick, 1820, spring.
• John Maxwell ('squire), 1820, spring.
• John Cowan, 1820, spring.
• Robert Harding (farmer), 1820, spring.
• _____Van Blaricum (farmer), 1820, spring.
• Henry Davis (chair maker), 1820, spring.
• Samuel Davis (chair maker), 1820, spring.
• Jeremiah J. Corbaley (farmer), 1820, spring.
• Robert Barnhill (farmer), 1820, spring.
• Isaac Wilson (miller), 1830, spring.
• Matthias Nowland (mason), 1820, fall.
• Dr. S. G. Mitchell, 1830, fall.
• Thomas Anderson (wagon maker), 1820,fall.
• Alexander Ralston (surveyor), 1820, fall.
• Dr. Isaac Coe, 1820, spring.
• .James B. Hall (carpenter), 1820, winter.
• Andrew Byrne (tailor), 1820, full.
• Michael Ingals (teamster), 1820, winter.
• Kenneth A. Scudder (first drugstore), 1820, summer.
• Conrad Brussell (baker), 1820, fall.
• Milo R. Davis (plasterer), 1820, winter.
• Samuel Morrow, 1820, summer.
• James J. McIlvain ('squire), 1820, summer.
• Eliakim Harding ('squire), 1821, summer.
• Mr. Lawrence (teacher), 1821, summer.
• Daniel Larkins (grocery), 1821, summer.
• Lismund Basye (Swede), 1821, fall.
• Robert Wilmot (merchant), 1820, winter.
• James Kittleman (shoemaker), 1821.
• Andrew Wilson (miller), 1821.
• John McClung (preacher), 1821, spring.
• Daniel Shaffer, 1821, January.
• .Jeremiah Johnson (farmer), 1820, spring.
• Wilkes Reagan (butcher), 1821, summer.
• Obed Foote (lawyer), 1821, summer.
• Calvin Fletcher (lawyer), 1821, fall.
• James Blake, 1821, spring.
• Alexander W. Russell (merchant), 1821, spring.
• Caleb Scudder, 1821, fall.
• George Smith (first publisher), 1821, fall.
• James Scott (Methodist preacher), 1821, fall.
• O. P. Gaines (first Presbyterian preacher), 1821, summer.
• James Linton (millwright), 1821, summer.
• Joseph C. Reed (first teacher), l821, spring.
• James Paxton (militia officer), 1821, fall.
• Daniel Yandes (first tanner), l821, January.
• Caleb Scudder (cabinet-maker), 1821, fall.
• George Myers (potter), 1821, fall.
• Nathaniel Bolton (first editor), 1821, fall.
• Amos Hanway (cooper), 1821, summer.
• John Shunk (hatter), 1821, tall.
• Isaac Lynch (shoemaker), 1821,fall.
• James M. Ray (coach-lace maker), 1821, summer.
• David Mallory (barber), 1821, spring.
• John Y. Osborn, 1821, spring.
• Samuel Henderson (first postmaster), 1821,fall.
• Samuel Booker (first painter), 1221, summer.
• Thomas Johnson (farmer), 1820, winter.
• Robert Patterson 1821, fall.
• Aaron Drake (first mail), 1821.
• William Townsend, 1820, summer.
• J. R. Crumbaugh, 1821
• Harvey Gregg, 1821, fall.
• Nathaniel Cox (carpenter), 1821.

• As transcribed by James D. VanDerMark, from book of the same name by: B.R.Sulgrove, 1884,  Philadelphia; L. H. Everts & Co., 1884, Chapter III