General Benjamin
Prentiss
FOR MANY YEARS ONE OF THE
MOST DISTINGUISHED CITIZENS
OF ?>ML:NAMESPACE
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/>MISSOURI AS
WELL AS OF THE NATION WAS
THE LATE GEN. BENJAMIN
M.
PRENTISS, WHO FOR TWENTY YEARS LIVED AT
BETHANY, WHERE
HIS DEATH OCCURRED ON
FEBRUARY 8, 1901. GENERAL
PRENTISS WAS A SOLDIER OF
TWO WARS, ROSE TO THE
RANK
OF MAJOR-GENERAL U.S. VOLUNTEERS DURING THE
CIVIL WAR AND WAS THE HERO
OF THE GREAT BATTLE OF
SHILOH. IN HIS
POLITICAL CAREER HE WAS AN
ASSOCIATE OF LINCOLN AND OTHER
DISTINGUISHED LEADERS OF
ILLINOIS, AND IN
THE LATER
YEARS OF HIS LIFE
WAS ONE OF THE MOST ADMIRED
ORATORS AND LEADERS IN THE
REPUBLICAN PARTY OF
MISSOURI.
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BENJAMIN M.
PRENTISS WAS BORN AT
BELLEVILLE, VIRGINIA,
NOVEMBER 23, 1819. HE WAS A
DIRECT DESCENDANT FROM
VALENTINE PRENTISS WHO CAME
TO AMERICA FROM
ENGLAND
IN 1620. ANOTHER DIRECT
ANCESTOR WAS THE NOTED
ELDER
BREWSTER OF THE MAYFLOWER COLONY.
GENERAL
PRENTISS SPENT HIS EARLY
CHILDHOOD IN VIRGINIA AND FROM THERE HIS
PARENTS MOVED TO QUINCY,
ILLINOIS. HIS
EDUCATION CAME FROM THE
COUNTRY SCHOOLS OF
VIRGINIA AND
AFTERWARDS FROM A PRIVATE
MILITARY SCHOOL.
MIGRATING
WEST IN 1836, HE LOCATED IN MARION
COUNTY, MISSOURI, AND
ENGAGED IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF CORDAGE. IN THE SPRING OF
1841 HE WENT TO
QUINCY AND
ESTABLISHED HIMSELF IN THE
SAME BUSINESS WITH HIS
FATHER. DURING THE MORMON
EXCITEMENT AT NAUVOO,
ILLINOIS, HE WAS
IN THE SERVICE OF THE STATE
AND AT THE OPENING OF
THE
MEXICAN WAR LIE WAS APPOINTED ADJUTANT OF THE
FIRST ILLINOIS INFANTRY.
WITH THIS REGIMENT HE
SERVED
THROUGH THE ENTIRE WAR, FIRST AS FIRST
LIEUTENANT AND AFTERWARDS AS
CAPTAIN OF COMPANY 1,
WHICH
HE COMMANDED UNDER GENERAL TAYLOR AT THE
BATTLE OF BUENA
VISTA.
AFTER HIS
RETURN TO QUINCY AND ALSO
AFTER THE WAR, GENERAL
PRENTISS WAS ENGAGED IN
BUSINESS AS A COMMISSION
MERCHANT AND ALSO AS A
MANUFACTURER OF CORDAGE.
WITH THE OUTBREAK OF
HOSTILITIES BETWEEN THE
NORTH AND SOUTH HE WAS ONE
OF THE FIRST TO RESPOND WITH
THE OFFER OF HIS
SERVICES.
AT THE FIRST CALL FOR TROOPS HE SENT A
TELEGRAM TO THE GOVERNOR OF
ILLINOIS,
TENDERING TWO COMPANIES AND
HAS THE DISTINCTION OF
HAVING BEEN THE FIRST
OFFICER COMMISSIONED BY THE
STATE. BEGINNING AS A
CAPTAIN HE WAS PROMOTED TO
MAJOR, FROM THAT TO COLONEL,
AND THEN TO THE RANK
OF
BRIGADIER-GENERAL BEFORE REACHING THE ACTUAL
SCENE OF HOSTILITIES.
GENERAL PRENTISS WAS PLACED
IN COMMAND AT CAIRO
AT THE BEGINNING OF THE WAR
AND ESTABLISHED A
BLOCKADE
OF THE MISSISSIPPI
RIVER. WHILE
THERE HE WAS WAITED UPON
BY
A DELEGATION OF KENTUCKIANS, WHO PROTESTED
AGAINST THE LANDING OF
TROOPS ON KENTUCKY SOIL.
THIS DELEGATION REMINDED HIM
THAT KENTUCKY WAS
A SOVEREIGN
STATE, THE PEER
OF ILLINOIS, BUT
TO THIS
GENERAL PRENTISS
REPLIED THAT WHEN THE PRESIDENT
CALLED FOR TROOPS TO DEFEND
THE UNION, ILLINOIS PROMPTLY FURNISHED
HER QUOTA, WHILE KENTUCKY HAD
FAILED TO RESPOND AND
CONSEQUENTLY HER WISHES WERE
NOT ENTITLED TO THE SAME
CONSIDERATION.
AFTER
LEAVING CAIRO,
GENERAL PRENTISS WAS ORDERED
BY GENERAL FREMONT TO
JEFFERSON CITY,
MISSOURI, TO TAKE
COMMAND OF ALL NORTH AND
CENTRAL MISSOURI.
BE FOUGHT
AT MOUNT ZION AND A
NUMBER OF OTHER MINOR
ENGAGEMENTS IN THE STATE.
SUBSEQUENTLY BEING ORDERED
TO THE FIELD BY GENERAL
HALLECK, HE PROCEEDED TO
PITTSBURG LANDING,
TENNESSEE, WHERE
HE ARRIVED APRIL 1ST AND
ORGANIZED AND TOOK
COMMAND
OF THE SIXTH DIVISION, ARMY OF THE
TENNESSEE. IT
WAS THERE THAT HIS
REPUTATION AS A MILITARY LEADER
WAS SECURED BEYOND ALL
PERADVENTURE. THE
HISTORIANS
OF THAT GREAT BATTLE HAVE ALL UNITED IN
GIVING GENERAL PRENTISS'
COMMAND CREDIT FOR
MAINTAINING THE INTEGRITY OF
THE UNION POSITION
DURING
THE FIRST DAY, AND THUS INSURING WHAT
AMOUNTED TO A VIRTUAL
VICTORY FOR THE UNION ARMS.
IT WILL BE RECALLED THAT THE
OTHER FEDERAL
GENERALS IN
COUNCIL DOUBTED THAT THE CONFEDERATES
WERE MASSED IN FORCE AT
SHILOH, AND AT
HIS OWN
REQUEST GENERAL
PRENTISS WAS PERMITTED TO SEND A
SMALL FORCE FORWARD TO
ASCERTAIN WHETHER THE ENEMY
WAS NOT THERE IN FORCE. FIVE
COMPANIES FROM
GENERAL
PRENTISS' DIVISION WERE SELECTED FOR THAT
TASK AND THESE TROOPS WHILE
RECONNOITERING
RECEIVED THE
FIRST ONSLAUGHTS OF THE ENEMY,
ARRESTED THEIR CHARGE AND
THUS GAVE THE UNION ARMY
TIME TO FORM THE LINE OF
BATTLE.
THE
CONFEDERATES ATTACKED IN
SUCH FORCE AND WITH SUCH
ENERGY THAT GENERAL
SHERMAN'S CORPS AND ALL THE
OTHER COMMANDS WERE
COMPELLED TO GIVE GROUND AND
GENERAL PRENTISS HIMSELF HAD
TO RETIRE TO A BETTER
POSITION. AT HIS COMMAND HIS
TROOPS FINALLY TOOK
POSITION
IN THE OLD SUNKEN
ROAD
AND THERE THEIR
RESISTANCE
WAS SO DEADLY THAT THE CONFEDERATES
CALLED THE PLACE THE
"HORNET'S NEST", AND THERE
THE MOST SANGUINARY STRUGGLE
OF THE DAY WAS
CENTERED. IT
WAS WHILE GENERAL PRENTISS WAS
HOLDING THIS LINE THAT
GENERAL GRANT CAME UP AND
REQUESTED HIM TO HOLD THE
ROAD UNTIL SUNDOWN AT
ALL
HAZARDS. GENERAL PRENTISS GAVE HIS PROMISE AND
HE AFTERWARDS STATED THAT
AGAIN AND AGAIN HE
LOOKED
FOR THE SETTING SUN AND WAS ALMOST
CONVINCED FROM THE SLOWNESS
WITH WHICH THAT
LUMINARY
MOVED TOWARD THE WESTERN HORIZON, THAT IT
HAD SURELY CAUGHT UPON A
SNAG. NO REINFORCEMENTS
WERE
SENT TO HIS HARD PRESSED TROOPS AND AT 5:30
IN THE EVENING GENERAL
PRENTISS AND HIS 2,200
SOLDIERS WERE CAPTURED. FOR
THE FOLLOWING SEVEN
MONTHS
HE ENDURED THE RIGORS OF CONFEDERATE
PRISON.
AFTER BEING
EXCHANGED, GENERAL PRENTISS
WAS COMMISSIONED A
MAJOR-GENERAL OF VOLUNTEERS
FOR HIS GALLANTRY AT
THE
BATTLE OF SHILOH.
HE SERVED ON THE
COURT
MARTIAL IN THE CASE OF GEN. FITZ JOHN
PORTER, AND HE WAS THE LAST
MEMBER OF THAT COURT
TO PASS
AWAY. AT THE CLOSE OF THIS TRIAL HE WAS
ORDERED TO REPORT TO GENERAL
GRANT AT MILLIKEN'S
BEND, BY WHOM HE
WAS ASSIGNED THE COMMAND OF
THE EASTERN DISTRICT
OF
ARKANSAS, WITH HEADQUARTERS AT HELENA. HERE ON
THE 4TH OF JULY, 1863, HE
COMMANDED THE UNION
FORCES
IN THE BATTLE OF HELENA, GAINING A
DECIDED VICTORY OVER THE
ENEMY, WHOSE FORCES WERE
EQUAL TO FOUR TIMES HIS
NUMBER.
DURING HIS
RESIDENCE AT QUINCY, GENERAL PRENTISS WAS
APPOINTED
UNITED
STATES
PENSION
AGENT BY GENERAL
GRANT, AND FILLED THE OFFICE
EIGHT YEARS. IN 1878 BE
MOVED TO MISSOURI, SPENT A SHORT TIME
IN SULLIVAN COUNTY AND THEN ENGAGED
IN THE PRACTICE OF LAW AT
KIRKSVILLE. AFTER
MOVING TO BETHANY IN 1881
HE CONTINUED THE PRACTICE OF
LAW, AND IN 1888,
AFTER THE
ELECTION OF PRESIDENT HARRISON, WAS
APPOINTED POSTMASTER AND
RECEIVED THE SAME HONOR
FROM
PRESIDENT MCKINLEY. IN 1880 GENERAL PRENTISS
SERVED AS A
DELEGATE-AT-LARGE TO THE REPUBLICAN
NATIONAL CONVENTION WHICH
NOMINATED GENERAL
GARFIELD
AND WAS A DELEGATE TO THE NATIONAL
CONVENTION OF 1884 WHICH
PLACED BLAINE AND LOGAN
IN
THE FIELD AS THE NATIONAL REPUBLICAN CANDIDATES
AND SECONDED THE NOMINATION
OF JOHN A. LOGAN FOR
PRESIDENT. HE FREQUENTLY
ATTENDED THE MISSOURI
CONVENTIONS OF HIS PARTY AND
WAS ONE OF THE MOST
INFLUENTIAL AND POPULAR
LEADERS IN THE STATE.
THE FIRST
WIFE OF GENERAL PRENTISS WAS
MARGARET SOWDOSKY.
THEIR
CHILDREN WERE: HARRISON TYLER; GUY
CHAMPLAIN, WHO MARCHED WITH
SHERMAN TO THE SEA
AND DIED
IN QUINCY; JACOB
HENRY, WHO SPENT HIS LAST
YEARS IN BETHANY,
WHERE HIS FAMILY
SURVIVE
HIM; ELLA, WHO MARRIED DOCTOR BLACKBURN
AND STILL LIVES IN BETHANY; BENJAMIN M., JR., OF
COLORADO; CLAY,
OF BETHANY. THE
OLDEST OF THESE CHILDREN,
HARRISON TYLER, KNOWN
BETTER
AS "TIP", WAS A DRUMMER BOY AT SHILOH UNDER GENERAL
SHERMAN.
GENERAL
PRENTISS' SECOND WIFE WAS
MARY WORTHINGTON
WHITNEY, A
DAUGHTER OF JOSEPH INGRAM WHITNEY, WHO
CAME FROM MAINE. MRS.
PRENTISS WAS BORN IN
PENNSYLVANIA,
DECEMBER 16,
1836, AND DIED
IN BETHANY JULY 28,
1894. HER CHILDREN WERE:
JOSEPH W., OF BETHANY;
ARTHUR OGLESBY, WHO DIED IN
CALIFORNIA; EDGAR
WORTHINGTON; AND MRS. MARY
COVER, OF HARRISON COUNTY.