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The county was formed in 1774 from the southeastern part of Halifax County and the western part of Tyrrell County. It was named for Josiah Martin, the last royal governor of North Carolina (1771-1775). Whereas Dobbs County and Tryon County, named for Martin's predecessors Arthur Dobbs and William Tryon, were abolished after American independence, Martin County was neither abolished nor renamed, a fact which has been attributed to the popularity of Alexander Martin, twice governor of the state (1782-1784, 1789-1792).
Townships
The county is divided into ten townships: Bear Grass, Cross Roads, Goose Nest, Griffins, Hamilton, Jamesville, Poplar Point, Robersonville, Williams, and Williamston.
Cities and Towns
* Bear Grass
* Everetts
* Hamilton
* Hassell
* Jamesville
* Oak City
* Parmele
* Robersonville
* Williamston
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