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On February 11, 1850, the Texas legislature established Trinity County. Jesse James, Benjamin B. Ellis, Solomon Adams, James Marsh, Henry Ward, John Gallion, and M. Duke Hornsby were appointed "to ascertain the centre of the county
By the late 1850s Trinity County was a thriving frontier area that profited from the steamboat traffic on the Trinity River. Though most of the county's inhabitants supported themselves through hunting and subsistence agriculture, plantation agriculture was becoming increasingly important to the local economy.
Though the population of the county was divided over the issue of secession in 1860, when the Civil War began the area strongly supported the Confederacy. Three companies of soldiers were raised in the county for the Southern cause, including one unit which became part of Hood's Texas Brigade.  In the early 1880s, after the Sabine branch of the International-Great Northern Railroad was built through the county, the area's economy and way of life were fundamentally changed. Attracted by the area's spectacular old-growth forests, a number of lumber operations, including the Trinity Lumber Company (1881), the Thompson-Tucker Lumber Company, (1883), and the J. T. Cameron Lumber Company (1883), rapidly moved into the area and opened sawmills.
Cities and towns
Groveton Trinity Apple Springs Carlisle Centralia Helmic Nigton	Nogalus Prairie North Cedar Pagoda Pennington Trevat Woodlake
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