Though the founder of this family settled on Burden's grant, the whole of which lies in the present county of Rockbridge, it is intimately connected with many of our people The McDowells and Lewises were relatives and lived near each other, previous to 1732, in Ireland They intermarried so extensively with the McCues, Prestons, Pattons, Cochrans, Moffetts, Bells, Alexanders, &c, of our county, that we take pleasure in inserting the following brief account prepared by our esteemed friend, Judge John H. McCue:

"Ephraim McDowell came to this country and settled in Pennsylvania previous to 1735, and between 1735 and 1740, with his son, John, who had married Magdalene Woods, in Pennsylvania, came to the home of his relative, John Lewis, the Founder. There they met with Burden, and became settlers on his grant near Fairfield, in what is now Rockbridge. John McDowell was Burden's Surveyor. His wife's mother was a Campbell, of the house of the Duke of Argyle. McDowell and eight of his men were killed near Balcony Falls by the Indians on the 25th of December, 1742. John McDowell, oldest child of Ephraim, had two sons, Samuel and James, and one daughter, Sarah. 1st Samuel was the ancestor of the Reids and Moores of Kockbridge, &c. 2d. James married Eliz. McClung, and their son, Col. James McDowell, dee'd, of Cherry Grove, near Fairneld, was the father of the late Governor James McDowell, of Mrs. Thos. H. Benton, and of Mrs. Wm. Taylor. Their mother was Sarah Preston, a descendant of the original John Preston, who, at the May term of the County Court of Augusta, 1746, proved the importation, at his own expense, of himself and family from Ireland to Virginia.

"The third child of John McDowell and Magdalene Woods was Sarah. She married Col. George Moffett, of Augusta county, the same who drove the Indians from Kerr's Creek, and was ambuscaded and repulsed by them on the Falling Spring farm, in Alleghany county. Col Moffett (not Moffitt, as generally printed,) was distinguished in Indian warfare, at Guilford, Cowpens, King's Mountain, and fought from the beginning to the close of the Revolutionary war. Col. Moffett and wife, Sarah McDowell, had nine children:

1st. John, died young;
2d. Margaret, married her cousin, Gen. Joseph McDowell, of North Carolina, one of tine heroes of King's Mountain, and their son, Gen. Joseph Jefferson McDowell, of Hillsboro, Ohio, who died a few years since, married Sallie McCue, daughter of Rev John McCue, of Long Meadows, Augusta county ,Va,, who is still living, the only surviving child of her eminent father;
3rd. Jas. McDowell Moffett married Hannah Miller (daughter of the founder of Miller's Ironworks on Mossy Creek, the first west of the Blue Ridge) One of their daughters, Hannah Winters Moffett, married John McCue, of the Long Meadow, Augusta county, Va., father and mother of Mrs. Col. D. S. Bell, of Augusta county, Va,: judge J. H. McCue, Staunton; Mrs. Dr. C. Alexander, Staunton; Mrs. W. B. Dorman, Texas; Mrs. Decatur Hedges, of W. Va.; Jas. M. McCue, W. Va.; Wm. A. McCue and Miss Hannah W. McCue, both of Augusta co., Va. The said John McCue was long Presiding Justice of Augusta, and for a number of years represented the county in the Legislature.
4th child of Col. Moffett, and wife, Sarah, was George, who married Miss Gilkeson, and removed to Fayette, Ky.
5th. William, married a Miss McChesney, and a Jones.
6th. Mary married Dr. Joseph McDowell, of North Carolina, and after his death, she married, secondly Col. Jno. Carson, of North Carolina, member of Congress ; their son, Sam'l P. Carson, was also a member of Congress from that State.
7th. The seventh child of Col George Moffett and wife, Sarah McDowell, was Magdalene, who married James Cochran, of Staunton. Their children were, so far as I am informed, the late John Cochran, of Charlottesville ; Geo. M. Cochran, of Staunton; the late Mrs. Benj. Crawford; the late J. Addison Cochtan; the descendants of these, are many of them, among the most distinguished professional and business men of the country.
8th Martha, who married Capt. Robert Kirk, of the U. S Navy .
9th. Elizabeth, who married James Miller, of Mossy Creek,"

The following account of the Preston family, one of the earliest which settled in Augusta, is from the pen of an unknown writer in the Brooklyn "Eagle:" Coney Island, September 1, 1879.

Dear Eagle :—Charles W. Woolley, of Cincinnati, has been visiting New York, and a glimpse of him here brings up many reminiscences of the Tilden contest for the presidency, and of the impeachment trial of President Andrew Johnson. "Richelieu " remembers being one of a dinner party given at Walker's, in Washington, at which the unlucky number thirteen was present, among whom were General Hancock, General Preston, of Louisville, and other celebrities. Benjamin F. Butler got it it into his head that some treasonable designs were at the bottom of the dishes of that elegant entertainment, and Mr. Woolley was suspected of knowing all about it. Butler had him summoned as a witness, and on his refusing to answer some questions, had him arrested. Poor Miss Vinnie Ream, who had a studio in a cryptic corner of the basement of the Capitol, was suspected as no better than a Copperhead, and her studio was taken from her and prepared as a prison cell for the contumacious Woolley. William Preston, of Kentucky, one of the guests at that dinner, is a near relative of Mr. Woolley, as is also his wife. He has been a Congressman from that State, a lieutenant colonel in the Mexican war, United States Minister to the Court of Spain, and a majorgenerals in the Confederate army. He married his relative, Miss Margaret H. Wickliffe, daughter of Robert Wickliffe, of Lexington, who is an aunt of Mr. Woolley. Randal Lee Gibson, member of Congress from Louisiana, is also a relative of Mr. Woolley; and thinking of Woolley and Gibson and Preston, " Richelieu" got turning over American genealogies, and thought it might not be uninteresting to your readers to trace the progress of one family in America from its emigration till the present time.

The paterfamilias or original emigrant was John Preston, who was buried in Tinlding Spring Cemetery. He was a native of county Derry, Ireland, and married Miss Elizabeth Patton, of county Donegal. They had five children, all born before emigration. They came to America in 1740, and purchased large possessions in Virginia. To show what a host of heroic men and beautiful women came from this one emigrant, the honors they held, the intermarriages they made, and the prominent influence exerted by them in every department of American society, I propose to group together a few of his descendants under the heads children, grandchildren, great grandchildren, and great great grandchildren.

HIS CHILDREN

William married Miss Susanna Smith. He was a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses, and a zealous patriot in the Revolution.
Letitia married Col. Robert Breckinridge, of Virginia, and after her husband's death, emigrated to Kentucky.
Margaret married Rev. John Brown, a graduate of Princeton College, and a prominent Presbyterian minister in Virginia and Kentucky.
Ann married Francis Smith, of Virginia, and went to Kentucky, where one of her daughters married James Blair, Attorney-General of Kentucky, and father of Francis P. Blair, Sr.
Mary married John Howard, of Virginia, one of whose sons was a member of Congress from Kentucky and Governor of Missouri Territory.

HIS GRANDCHILDREN

John Breckinridge, a Senator in Congress, and Attorney-General in Jefferson's Cabinet. James Breckinridge, a member of Congress from Virginia.
Elizabeth Breckinridge married Col. Samuel Meredith, a nephew of Patrick Henry.
John Brown represented Kentucky in the Virginia Legislature; was first (and thrice elected) Senator of the United States from Kentucky, and married to the daughter of the Rev. Dr. John Mason.
James Brown, the first Secretary of State of Kentucky; many years Senator of the United States from Louisiana; United States Minister to France; married to the sister of Mrs. Henry Clay.
John Preston, member of the Legislature of Virginia, and many years Treasurer of that State.
Francis Preston, a member of the Senate of Virginia, a Congressman from that State, and a brigadier general in the war of 1812 ; married to a daughter of Gen. William Campbell, the hero of King's Mountain, and a niece of Patrick Henry.
William Preston, a captain in Gen. Wayne's army.
James Patton, President, a member of the Virginia Senate, colonel in the U. S. Army, and Governor of Virginia.
Letitia Preston married to John Floyd, Governor of Virginia, and mother of another Governor (John B. Floyd) of Virginia.
Thomas Lewis Preston, a member of the Virginia Legislature; a major in the war of 1812; married to a daughter of Edmund Randolph, who was a delegate to the Continental Congress, a member of the convention that framed the United States constitution, Governor of Virginia, and Attorney-General and Secretary of State of the United States in Washington's Cabinet.
John Smith, married to the first white child born in Kentucky.
Margaret Howard, married to Robert Wickliffe, of Kentucky.
Letitia Breckinridge, married to Peter B. Porter, of Niagara Falls, Secretary of War in John Quincy Adams' Cabinet, a major general in the war of 1812, and the only man who ever refused the office of General-in-Chief of the United States army.

HIS GREAT GRANDCHILDREN

Joseph Cabell Breckinridge, of the Kentucky House of Representatives and Secretary of State of Kentucky.
John Breckinridge, a professor in Princeton College, and married to a daughter of its President, Dr. Miller.
Robert J. Breckenridge, a distinguished theologian.
William L. Breckinridge, president of Danville College.
John B. Preston, many years a member of the Kentucky Legislature.
William C. Preston, president of South Carolina, United States Senator from South Carolina, and among the foremost orators and statesmen of the United States.
John S. Preston, member of the South Carolina Legislature, brigadier general in the Confederate army; married a daughter of Major General Wade Hampton, Sr , then the most wealthy planter of the United States.
Margaret B. Preston married General Wade Hampton, Jr., Governor of South Carolina, now United States Senator.
Elizabeth McDowell married Senator Thomas Hart Benton, the distinguished Senator of Missouri.
James McDowell, member of Congress and Governor of Virginia.
Henrietta Preston, married Albert Sidney Johnson, the great general of the Confederate army.
William Preston, member of Congress from Kentucky, lieutenant colonel in the Mexican war. United States minister to Spain, and major general in the Confederate army.
William Ballard Preston, Secretary of the Navy in President Taylor's Cabinet, and senator in the Confederate Congress.
John B. Floyd, Governor of Virginia, Secretary of War in Buchanan's Cabinet, and general in the Confederate army.
Nickettie Floyd married John W. Johnston, United States Senator from Virginia.
John Thomas L. Preston, colonel in the Confederate army, and professor in the Virginia Military Institute.
Francis P. Blair, Sr., the veteran editor of General Jackson's organ.
Thomas F. Marshall, the congressman and eloquent orator of Kentucky.
Alexander K. Marshall, also member of Congress from Kentucky.
Agatha Marshall married Chancellor Caleb Logan, of Kentucky.
Edward C Marshall, member of Congress from California.
Mary W. Parker, married to Thomas L. Crittenden, Secretary of State of Kentucky.
His two great granddaughters, both daughters of Francis Preston, Susan S. and Sally Buchanan Preston, married their two cousins, James McDowell and John B. Floyd, both Governors of Virginia, one of them a Cabinet minister, and both members of Congress Lavallette Floyd married Professor Holmes, of the University of Virginia.

HIS GREAT-GREAT-GRANDCHILDREN

Peter A. Porter was colonel in the Union army, and fell in the battle of Cold Harbor.
John C. Breckinridge, member of Congress and United States senator from Kentucky, Vice President of the United States, receiving eight hundred and forty eight thousand votes. He was also Major General and Secretary of War in the Confederate States.
Samuel M. Breckinridge, a lawyer and judge in St Louis.
Margaret M. Breckinridge, devoted to hospital and other charities in the late war.
William E. P. Breckinridge, colonel in the Confederate array, married to a granddaughter of Henry Clay.
Benjamin Gratz Brown, senator in Congress from Missouri, and Democratic candidate for Vice President on the ticket with Horace Greeley, receiving two million, eight hundred and thirty five thousand votes.
John Mason Brown, a colonel of cavalry in the United States army, and a prominent lawyer of Lexington, Ky.
Edward Cabell Carrington was a captain in the Mexican war, member of the Virginia Legislature, brigadier general in the Union army, and United States attorney for the District of Columbia.
William Campbell Preston Carrington, a Confederate officer, who fell in battle at Baker's creek, near Vicksburg.
Susan Taylor married John B. Weller, member of Congress from Ohio, senator of the United States from California, Governor of California, and United States minister to Mexico.
Jessie Benton married Major General. John C. Fremont, Republican candidate for President and Governor of Arizona.
Sarah Benton married Richard T. Jacob, Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky.
Susan V. Benton married Baron Souldree Boilleau, French minister to Peru.
Sally C. P. McDowell married Francis Thomas, Governor of Maryland.
William Preston Johnston, colonel in the Confederate army, confidential aide to President Jefferson Davis, and professor in Washington College, Virginia.
Randall Lee Gibson, brigadier general in the Confederate service, now member of Congress from Louisiana.
Hart Gibson, member of the Kentucky Legislature. William Preston Gibson, member of the Louisiana Legislature.
Six brothers of these Gibsons, sons of John Preston's granddaughter, Louisiana Hart, named respectively Randall Lee, William Preston, Hart, Claude, Tobias and McKinley Gibson, were all distinguished officers in the Confederate army. William Preston and Claude Gibson gave up their lives for the Southern cause.
Mary Massie married John Hampden Pleasants, the well known Virginia journalist, killed in a duel by Thos. Ritchie 1846.
Ann M. Lewis married the celebrated lawyer, John Howe Peyton. His son, John Lewis Peyton, the well known author of "The American Crisis," &c, "Over the Alleghanies and Across the Prairies," &c, " The Adventures of My Grandfather," and other popular works, published in England, was accredited Confederate States agent to England and France during the civil war; he married Henrietta, daughter of Col. J. C. Washington, and niece of Gov. William A. Graham, of North Carolina, and has issue a son, Lawrence W. H. Peyton. Mr. Peyton's eldest daughter married the late lamented Col. John B. Baldwin, M. C, etc.
Three of his great-great-grandchildren, brothers, named Cochran, were officers in the Confederate service.
Montgomery Blair, Postmaster General in Lincoln's Cabinet
James Blair married a daughter of Gen. Thomas Jessup, of the United States army.
Francis P. Blair, Jr., member of Congress and United States senator from Missouri, major general in the Union army and Democratic candidate for Vice President on the ticket with Horatio Seymour, receiving two million, seven hundred thousand votes.
Elizabeth Blair married Admiral Lee, of the United States navy.
Ellen Preston married James W. Sheffey.
Mary Sheffey married Prof. W. E. Peters, of the University of Virginia, who was educated in Germany. Prof. Peters married secondly the only sister of his first wife.
Mary T. Payne married Professor Neville, of the University of Kentucky.
Mary W. Packer married Tod Robinson, Judge of the Supreme Court of California.
Alexander Packer Crittenden is a prominent lawyer in San Francisco
Thomas T. Crittenden, a brigadier general in the United States army and member of Congress from Missouri.
Robert W. Woolley, secretary of United States legation to Spain, and Charles W. Woolley, who provoked these reminiscences.

LATER GENERATIONS

Of the children of his great-great-grandchildren I cannot fully speak. Ten years ago several of them were making for themselves positions in society. In 1870 his great-great-grandson, John C. Breckinridge, had seven children, the eldest of whom, Cabell Breckinridge, was married to a daughter of Hon. R. W. Johnson, of Arkansas.
His great-great-grandson, B. Gratz Brown, had six children.
His great-great-granddaughter, Jessie Benton, had three children, the second of whom, Charles Fremont, was a midshipman in the United States navy.
His great-great-granddaughter, Sarah Benton, had a daughter married, and a son, Richard Jacob, jr., a lieutenant in the navy
. His great-great-granddaughter, Mary Massie, wife of John Hampden Pleasants, had a son, James Pleasants, a lawyer in Richmond, Va., who had married his cousin, Caroline Massie.
and a daughter, Ann Eliza Pleasants, who had married Douglas H. Gordon, of Baltimore,, and has four children, who were grandchildren of this great-great-grandchild of this John Preston.
His great grandson, Montgomery Blair, has five children, one of whom had married Gen. Comstock, of the United States army.
His great-great-grandson, Francis P. Blair, Jr., had six children, one of whom, Andrew A. Blair, was an ensign in the United States navy.

It is not improbable that at present there are hundreds of grand and great grandchildren, who, in the not distant future, will sustain the character of this great American family for brains, bravery and beauty in the sixth and seventh generations. But enough for to-night of American genealogies.

John Campbell emigrated to America from Ireland in 1726, and first settled in Lancaster, Pa. In 1733 he came south to Augusta, then Orange county, and settled near Bellefont. He left two sons, Patrick and David. Patrick left a son Charles, whose son William was born near Staunton 1744, and was the hero of King's Mountain. David Campbell, the youngest son of the original settler, married Mary Hamilton, and left thirteen children. In 1765, John, the eldest son of David Campbell and Mary Hamilton, explored the southwest, and purchased lands on the headwaters of the Holston, where, soon after, the family settled itself. One of the daughters, Mary, married Wm. Lochart; a second, Margaret, married David Campbell. All the Campbells supported the Founder in his early plans, and shared in the hardships and dangers of the Indian wars. John Campbell, the eldest son of David, born in Augusta, 1741, was a lieutenant in Wm. Campbell's company, in Col. Christian's regiment, under Gen. Lewis, in 1774. He commanded a company in the battle of Long Island Flats of Holston, in July, 1776, defeating the Indians under their famous chief, Dragon Canoe. He also commanded a company in October, 1776, in Col. Christian's expedition against the Cherokee towns. In 1778, he was appointed clerk of Washington county. He died in 1825, in his 85th year. His younger brother was Col. Arthur Campbell. David, the fourth brother of those who came to Holston, was educated for the bar. He removed to Tennessee, and was one of the Judges of the Supreme Court He died in 1812. Robert, the next brother, born in Augusta, 1752, was a volunteer under Lewis in 1774, was in all the battles with his brother, and an ensign at King's Mountain. He was an active, energetic and useful man. He died 1831, aged 77. Patrick, the youngest brother, was also in the battle of King's Mountain. He married and left a large family, and died in his 80th year. Such is a brief sketch of the five brothers, sons of David Campbell, and grandsons of Jno. C, the original Irish emigrant The father of Gen. Wm. Campbell was Charles Campbell, who died in Augusta. Wm. C, with his mother and sisters, then removed to Holston. Elizabeth, the eldest sister, married Jno. Taylor, from whom Judge Allen Taylor and the Taylors of Montgomery county are descended. Jane, the second sister, married Thos. Tate; Margaret, the third sister, married Arthur Campbell; the fourth sister, Ann, married Richard Paston. All left families of high respectability.

Another branch of the Campbell family also settled in Augusta. Duncan Campbell, of Invergrary, Argyleshire, Scotland, married in 1612 Mary McCoy, and the same year emigrated to Ulster county, Ireland, and died there, leaving descendants, who about 1726 emigrated to Pennsylvania, and in 1738 they removed to Augusta county, Virginia. Charles Campbell, a descendant in the fifth degree of the original Duncan, settled in Augusta, near the present Fort Defiance, about four miles northeast of Fort Lewis, and married Mary Trotter, his brother, William Campbell, marrying about the same time Elizabeth Wilson, a sister of Rev. Wm., Wilson, pastor of the Old Stone Church. William Campbell and family removed to Bourbon co., Ky., in 1790, and in 1800 removed to Brown co., Ohio, where his son, Charles, married Elizabeth Tweed. Charles Campbell and Mary Trotter, left a son, John Campbell, who settled in Lawrence co., Ohio, in 1833, and left issue.
Among our biographical notices will be found sketches of two eminent members of this family, which is allied by marriage with the Lewis', Prestons, Peytons, Tates, Taylors, and other early and leading families.

The Stuarts are of Scotch origin. During the reign of James I, they removed to Ireland, where Archibald Stuart married Janet Brown, a sister of Rev. Jno. Brown, the ancestor of the Browns of Rockbridge and Louisiana. In 1727, A. Stuart emigrated to Pennsylvania, after the birth of two children, Thomas and Eleanor. In 1738, he removed to Augusta, and settled on Pratt's farm, near Waynesboro, where he died 1761. He left issue: 1. Thomas; 2. Eleanor; 3. Alexander; 4. Benjamin; all of whom left large families. Archibald Stuart was joined in Augusta some years after 1738 by two brothers, John and David, who came from Ireland, and both of whom married in Augusta and left descendants, the descendants of the one being the Stuarts of Ohio and Illinois, and of the other, the Stuarts of S. C.

Thomas Stuart, who was a man of mark, married Elizabeth Moore, and had issue nine children: 1. Jane, died unmarried.; 2. John, died s. p.; James, who removed to Tenn., married Miss Montgomery, and left descendants; 4. Thomas, U. S. A ; 5. Robert, married Miss Roland, of Botetourt; 6. Judy, died unmarried.; 7. Mary, married James Moffett, of Augusta, and they had issue ten children, viz: 1. John Moffett, who married Eliz. Tate; 2. Betsy, who married J. McClanahan; 3. Robert S., married H. Guthrie; 4. Thomas, died young; 5. Jane, married Dr. J. K. Moore; 6. Wm., married Jane Robertson; 7. Eleanor, married J. C. Moore; 8. Mary, married Alex. T. Barclay; 9. Thomas S., died unmarried.; 10. Julia, married W. H. Paxton. Julia, daughter of Thomas Stuart, married Capt. Wm. Lyle, and left issue: Elizabeth, who married Capt. Wm., Paxton, and they left five children.
Eleanor Stuart, daughter of the original emigrant, married Ed. Hall, who emigrated from Ireland to Augusta 1736, and they left issue: six sons and four daughters.
Major Alex. Stuart, second son was born in Pennsylvania, 1733. He was a man of uncommon intellect and energy, and patented large tracts of land in the western counties. He was Major during the Revolution in Col. Samuel McDowell's regiment, and commanded the regiment at the battle of Guilford, where he was dangerously wounded. He was an ardent friend of education, and contributed largely of his private means to the endowment of Liberty Hall Academy, now W. & L. University. Major Stuart married first Mary Patterson, of South river, Augusta co., by whom he left issue: 1. Judge Archibald Stuart, of Staunton; 2. Robert, of Rockbridge; and five daughters: Frances, Jane, Mary, Elizabeth, and Eleanor. He married secondly Mary Moore, by whom he left four children : James, Priscilla, Alexander and Benjamin. He married thirdly Anna Reid, whose maiden name was Miller, but left no issue by her at his death in his 90th year.
Judge Archibald Stuart was born 1757, was educated at Liberty Hall and William and Mary College. In 1781 he joined Gen. Greene's force in N. C. was appointed by him, and he took part in the battle of Guilford. After the war he studied law under the great Jefferson, and returned to Rockbridge. He was now elected under peculiarly flattering circumstances delegate to the Legislature from Botetourt, and after a service of three years, removed to Staunton. He rose so rapidly in popular esteem that he was elected in 1788 as the colleague of Zach. Johnston to represent the county in the Convention to ratify the Constitution of the U. S. In 1791 he m Eleanor Briscoe, d of Col. Gerard Briscoe, of Md. Shortly after this event, he was elected to the Senate of Va., and was subsequently chosen its President In 1799, he was elected Judge of the General Court of Va,, assigned to the Augusta district, and served until 1831. During his career he enjoyed the friendship of such men as Henry, Jefferson, Marshall, Madison, and Monroe.
Judge Stuart was distinguished as a land lawyer, and as a Judge, for his discriminating judgment, and enjoyed the confidence, respect and esteem of the eminent Bar which practiced at his Court, among whom were Chapman Johnson, Daniel Sheffey, John H. Peyton, B. O Baldwin, P. P. Barbour, W. C. Rives, and others. Judge Stuart was tall of stature and dignified in appearance, an able lawyer and upright judge. At his death, in 1832, he left four sons: 1. Thomas Jefferson ; 2. Archibald P.; 3. Gerard Briscoe; 4. Alex. H. H. Stuart Thomas J. married Martha Dabney, and left issue: Col. W, D. Stuart, a gallant and meritorious officer, killed in the battle of Gettysburg. Briscoe died unmarried. A. P. Stuart married Josephine Xaupi, by whom he left a large family, two of whom served in the C. S. A.
Gerard B. Stuart was never married. He has served as J. P. and in the Legislature, and is a man of ability and great purity of character.
A. H H. Stuart m Frances, eldest d of Gen. B. G. Baldwin, and they have living issue: one son, Archibald G , and five daughters: 1. Fanny Peyton, m Prof. J. M. P. Atkinson; 2. Mary, who married Dr. Hunter McGuire; 3. Susan Baldwin, married Rev. R. A. Gibson; 4. Margaret, married A. F. Robertson.
Robert Stuart, the second son of Maj. Alex. Stuart, married Elizabeth McClung, by whom he left numerous offspring. Frances Stuart married Lyle, by whom she left one daughter, Isabella, who married John McDowell, of Staunton, and one son, who died unmarried.
Jane Stuart married Alex. Walker, of Rockbridge, and they left five children, who removed to West Va. and Indiana. Mary P. Stuart married Alex. Hall, of Augusta, and they left issue: Elizabeth died unmarried. Eleanor married Thos. Walker; they removed to Monroe county, and left a large family.
James Stuart, eldest son of Maj. S. by his second wife, married Miss Stockton, of Pittsylvania, and left issue Priscilla Stuart married Benj. Hall, and removed to Missouri.
Judge Alex. Stuart, youngest son of Maj S., married first Ann Dabney, and left issue: two children, Hon. Arch. Stuart, of Patrick, and a daughter, Ann. He married secondly Mary Gassaway; no issue. He married thirdly Jane, a sister of Chapman Johnson. He was a man of fine talents and genial temper, and was greatly regretted at his death, which occurred in Staunton in 1832.
Hon. Arch. Stuart, of Patrick, was an officer in the war of 1812, a distinguished lawyer and eloquent orator. He married Elizabeth Pannill,by whom he left issue; 1. Ann, married J. N. Pierce, of Wythe; 2 Bettinia, married Kev. N. Chevalier; 3. Mary T., married Dr. Headin, of Floyd; 4. David P., died unmarried.; 5. Wm. A., married Mary, d, of Dale Carter, by whom he had several children. Mrs. S. died in 1862, and W. A. Stuart married Mrs. Alex. S. Brown, by whom he has a large family. 6. John D. Stuart, M. D., married Anne E. Kent, and has five children. 7. James E. B. Stuart graduated at West Point 1854, and was commissioned second lieutenant of cavalry; wounded in battle with Cheyenne Indians, 1858; was at capture of John Brown in 1859; promoted i860 to captaincy in United States Army; in 1861 resigned and joined Confederate side, and was made Lieut-Col. 1st Va. Cavalry, and rose rapidly to be Major-General, and was placed in command of all the cavalry of the army of Northern Va. Enjoyed the friendship and confidence of Lee, Jackson, and J. E. Johnston, and won the devotion of his men.This enterprising and distinguished officer the Murat of the Confederacy, was killed at the age of 29, May, 1864, at the battle of Yellow Tavern. He was the youngest Major-General since the days of Napoleon. He was the idol of the army and of the people of Va, He married Flora, daughter of Gen. Philip St. George Cooke, U. S. A., by whom he left two children: 1. J. E. B., and 2. Virginia. 8. Columbia, married Peter W. Hairston and they have issue. 9. Virginia, died unmarried. 10. Victoria, married N. A. Boyden, of N. C. Annie D. married first W. L. McDowell; second, Judge Ewell Brown
Dr. Chapman J. Stuart married Margaret, daughter of Judge B. G. Baldwin, and they left issue, one daughter, Mary J, who married Capt. W. L. Clark. Benjamin Stuart married and left three sons and one daughter by his first wife By his second, Miss Henderson, he left two children; one died early ; the other, Mary, married Samuel H. Steele. John married Miss Coalter, and removed to Illinois, where their children now live
Nancy married John Alexander, and had seven children, namely : 1. Andrew, married Susan Hunter; 2 Archibald, died young; 3. James, married Miss Sheiry; 4. Eleanor, married Robt. M. White; 5. Martha, married Jos. Scott, M. D.; 6. Dr. Cyrus Alexander, who married Sarah, daughter of John McCue; 7. Catharine, married W. Hunter.

Joseph Bell came from Lancaster, Penn., to Augusta, about 1740. He was one of several brothers born in Penn., whose father emigrated from the north of Ireland to America some years previously. He settled near the Founder, on the present Valley turnpike, on the farm now owned by Jacob Warwick. The other brothers of Joseph Bell settled in Ohio, Ky., and Tenn., and have left descendants in those States; among them was the late Hon. John Bell, of Tenn., a candidate for the Presidency in 1860 , the Whig ticket being "Bell and Everett"

Joseph Bell married Elizabeth Henderson, of Augusta, and had issue: 1. William ; 2. Susan, who married Jno. Wayt, s p; Elizabeth, who married Dr. John Johnston, of Roanoke, and they left a large family; 4. James Bell, who married three times, 1st, Sarah Allen, by whom he left issue, Wm. A Bell, and Margaret, who married J Wayt He married second Sarah Crawford, daughter of George Crawford, and left no issue He married third Margaret, daughter of Wm. Craig, a relative of Rev. John Craie, first minister of Augusta Church, by whom he left issue; 1. John L Bell; 2. Col. David S. Bell; 3. Mrs J. C. Arbuckle, of Greenbrier; 4. J. Wayt Bell; 5. Mrs. Chesley Kinney; 6. Maj. Henderson M. Bell; 7. Mrs. Frank M. Young, of Staunton; all of whom have families except Mrs. Arbuckle.

Joseph Bell and Wm. Craig were of the original settlers of Augusta, and engaged in building the Old Stone Church, which was erected in 1740.

The late James bell, Esq., of Prospect Hill, was a magistrate of Augusta from 1796 to a short period before his death, which occurred in 1856, and as such, succeeded to the High Sheriffalty as the oldest magistrate. At the adoption of the Constitution of 1850, was but one term removed from the succession. He was long a consistent and influential member of the Augusta Church, President of the County Court for many years, and served in the Legislature as delegate for Augusta. He was a man of vigorous intellect, great enterprise and industry, and accumulated a large estate.

The first of this family who settled in Augusta about 1745 was John Cochran. who came to Penn., and thence to Augusta. He settled in Staunton as a merchant, and worshiped at the Old Stone Church. He married Susannah Donnelly, likewise of Covenanter stock, and from the north of Ireland. They lett issue: James and Robert, and several daughters. He died on his estate, near the Stone Church, now owned by the heirs of Thomas W. McCue, deceased. James Cochran. the elder son of the original John, m Magdalen, a d of Col. George Moffett, of Revolutionary fame. At his death, which occurred in Staunton in 1836, he left issue: 1. John Cochran, of Charlottesville; 2. George M. Cochran, of Augusta; 3. James A., of Loch Willow, Augusta; 4. Magdalen, wife of Benj. Crawford. It is not necessary to follow out the descendants of James Cochran's children, as they appear in other pedigrees in this volume.

Robert Cochran removed to Ky., married, and left issue: one son, John Cochran, who m Ann Buskirk, and has issue: Jno. B. Cochran, a lawyer of Colorado, who m in Va his cousin, Magdalen, a d of Jas. A. Cochran, of Loch Willow. 2. Thomas Cochran, who died circa 1876, Judge of the Louisville Ky.; Chancery Court 3. Robert, an officer of the Chancery Court of Louisville, Ky., and daughters,

John Cochran, the emigrant, was a man of great spirit and enterprise, and though he died young, left a handsome inheritance to his children. His son, the late Jas. Cochran, Esq , was distinguished for the soundness of his judgment, the acuteness of his intellect, and the persistency with which he pursued his plans. He accumulated a large estate, was long a magistrate of the county, and died beloved and respected by all.

The Tates came from the north of Ireland to Penn., and thence to Augusta about 1745. The first emigrant left four sons, James, William, John and Robert. The descendants of the first brothers married among the Van Lears, Ewings, Moffetts and Finleys, of Augusta and Rockbridgc Capt. James Tate, the eldest brother, was killed at the battle of Guilford. He was married, and his family removed to Ky and Missouri. He now has a great-grandson, Rev John C. Tate, a Presbyterian minister in Kentucky. William Tate's descendants are settled in Southwestern Va., one of whom is Dr. Thos. Tate, long a State Senator, and afterwards a Federal civil servant, and the. head of one of the bureaux in Washington. John Tate represented Augusta in 1798 in the Legislature, and voted against Madison's celebrated resolutions.

Robert Tate m Margaret, daughter of John McClung and------Alexander, his wife, and they left issue: 1. James; 2. John; 3. William; 4. Elizabeth, who m Col Allen and went to Michigan; 5. Polly, married Sam'l Wallace, of Christian's Creek, Augusta co.; 6. Eleanor, married Sam'l Patterson, of Rockbridge; 7. Phoebe, married Sam'l Wilson, of Rockbridge; 8. Rebecca, married Reid Alexander, of Rockbridge; 9. Isabella, married John B. Christian, of Augusta; 10. Sadly. died unmarried.

James Tate married first Miss Baxter, sister of Dr. Geo. Baxter, and by her had George, Robert, John and Margaret. He married second Mrs. Beale, of Botetourt, whose maiden name was Poage, and by her left several children, the only one of whom survived him was Col. Wm. P. Tate, of Augusta, who married first Miss Kayser, of Alleghany, by whom he left two daughters, Isabella and Margaret. He married second Sarah Christian, and by her left issue: one daughter, Cornelia Tate. His widow married Rev. W. T. Richardson, editor of the "Central Presbyterian," Richmond. John Tate married Nancy, daughter and only child of Wm. Moffett, of Augusta, and left issue: 1. Wm. M. Tate; 2. Robt. McC.; 3. John McC.; 4. James M.; 5. Margaret, who married Dr. Steele, of Illinois; 6 Elizabeth, married Jos. Hite, of Illinois; 7. Rebecca, who married Blackburn, of Illinois.

Wm. M. Tate married Elizabeth McClung, of Rockbridee, removed to Indiana, and left two children, a son and daughter. Wm. M. Tate, eldest son of John Tate, married first Mattie Frazier, and second Kate, daughter of Dr. A. Waddell, and has issue by both wives.

This family, like others of the Covenanter stock, was noted for its piety, industry and public spirit, was associated with the early efforts of the Founder to improve the country, and is allied by marriage with some of the principal families of the county.

A. G. Christian has kindly furnished the following brief memorandum as to his family. It is made up, principally, from extracts from the family Bible of the late John Christian, of Augusta, who was an elder and clerk of the session in Tinkling Spring and afterwards in Bethel church :

"The Christians long inhabited the Isle of Man. where they were the Dempsters (i. e. Judges) in the island. The name was originally McChristian. After 1600 the Mc was dropped, and the 'name was thence spelled Christian The same family names prevailed then as now, namely: John, Robert, William, James, Isabella, &c. John Christian, of Uncrigg Castle, married Isabella Percy, daughter of the Duke of Northumberland, of Aln-wick Castle, and she became famous for her charities, talents and worth. The name was retained long in the family Hutchinson's history of Cumberland county, England, vol. 2, p 148, gives a genealogical tat)le of the Christians from the year A. D. 900 They inhabited Cumberland and Westmoreland counties, England, and for centuries lived in the Isle of Man. The name was first written simply Christian in 1630, by Judge William Christian. The family seat was " Uncrigg," or Uwncrig Castle. Another seat was Ronaldsway. Scott's "Peveril of the Peak " has in the appendix to some additions a note giving some history of the Christian family.

John Christian married Rachael Brownlee on June 21,1779, and left the following issue: Robert, b September 20, 1781; John Brownlee, b September 1, 1784; Isabella, b December 12, 1786; Sarah, b November 7, 1790; William, b August 21, 1793; James and Israel (twins), b July 21, 1765; Archibald Scott, b October 1st, 1797; Ebenezer, b December 7th, 1801.

Gilbert Christian married Margaret Richardson in Ireland. Their children, who came to America, were: Robert, John, William and Mary. They all settled on Christian's creek about 1733, and took deeds from Beverly (grantee of Crown) about 1736, recorded in Orange county, Va. Robert married Isabella Tiffins, while a recruiting officer in the Indian war, at Winchester, Va. (Their children are the list above.) John Christian and William had large families. Most of their descendants went to Kentucky and Tennessee. Mary married, first, John Moffett, and they left issue; after the death of John Moffett she married James Trimble, and from this marriage sprung the late Governor of Ohio, Allen Trimble."

The first of this family, who emigrated from Ireland to Pennsylvania, was Patrick Crawford. He removed from Pennsylvania to Augusta about 1750, and settled on the farm now occupied by Col John H. Crafford. He mand left three sons, 1. William; 2. James; 3 John. William m Nancy Smith, a daughter of Abraham Smith, and left issue, 1. Benjamin Crafford; 2. George; 3. James; 4. John; 5. William, and six daughters James died unmarried ; John married Mary Allen, and they left issue, 1. John; 2 George; 3. James, and four daughters, namely: 1. Mrs E. G.Moorman; 2. Mrs. Col. Franklin McCue; 3. Mrs Wm English, and Mrs Stuart McClung. 1. Benj. Crawford m Magdalen, a daughter of James Cochran, and they left issue: 1. Elizabeth; 2. James; 3. Nancy, who married Col. James Cochran, of Culpepper, and they have two children, 1. Benjamin C; 2. Patsy. 4. Addison, of Bath, unmarried, and 5. Benjamin Lewis, M. D., who died in Texas, 1878, unmarried. James, eldest son of B. C, married Cornelia, a daughter of Wm. G. Miller, of Rockingham, and they have issue one son, viz.: William B. 1. James (the second son of Patrick Crawford, the emigrant,) married Miss McClung, of Greenbrier, and left issue, 1. John H.; 2. Dr. Wm. M. Crawford, of Mt. Sidney; 3. Edward C; 4. James A.; 5. Marshall; 6. Mrs. Bettie Taylor, who has no issue; 7. Mrs. Minor; 8. Mrs. David Hanger. Col. John H. Crawford married Mrs. Zirkle, whose maiden name was Rice, of Shenandoah, and they have issue one son a minor. Dr. Wm. M. Crawford married Miss McChesne'y, of Rockbridge, and they have a large family. Edward Crawford married a daughter of Wm. Crawford, of the Stone Church, and they have a son and daughter James A. married in Texas, and their descendants are unknown. Marshall Crawford married a daughter of Alex. Crawford, of Crawford's Springs. Augusta, and they have issue one daughter. Mrs. Minor has a large family, and also her sister, Mrs. David Hanger. Wm. Crawford, fifth son of Patrick, married 1st Margaret, daughter of James Bouland, and he left issue at his death, in 1881, 1. James ; 2. Sarah ; 3. Ann, unmarried; 4. George; 5. Benjamin, unmarried. James married Mary, daughter of Wm. Miller, and they have three children. Sarah married E. C. Crawford, and they have two children. 4. George married Lillie, a daughter of Isaac Parkins, and grand-daughter of Col. Samuel C. Harnsberger. William C. married secondly Sarah, a sister of his first wife, but left no issue by her. Col. James Crawford, a former lawyer of Staunton, was connected with this family through the Bells. He married first a Miss Stribling, and left issue, 1. Erasmus S.; 2. James; 3. Magnus W., and 4. Mrs. Manifee, who has a large family. Magnus married Miss Simms, of Orange, and they have a large family. Col. James Crawford married secondly Peggy, a daughter of Col. Wm. Bell, of Lewis creek, and left issue at his death, in 1858, 1. William Bell: 2. John; 3 Taliaferro, died unmarried; 4. Mrs. Margaret Burrell, of Lewisburg, and they have issue; 5. Sarah, who married Wayt Bell, and they left issue one son, Taliaferro; 6. Fanny, who married John S. Churchman, and they have issue; 7. Mrs. H. P. Dickerson, who has a family; and one daughter who died unmarried.

Patrick Crawford was a man of sound sense, great energy and persevering industry, and accumulated a good estate. His descendants have intermarried with the principal families of the county, and have long been among our leading men of business.

The late Benjamin Crawford was long a successful Staunton merchant, a bank officer and justice of the peace, in which capacities he was well known by the writer, who served with him in a bank directory and as a member of the county court Mr. Crawford's powers were useful rather than brilliant; his success the result of patience and perseverance. With a warmer imagination he would probably have been misled by speculative theory like so many of his contemporaries. His industry and his temperance were the sources of his early success, and they nurtured in him the spirit of that independence which was the leading characteristic of his life.

We are indebted to Judge John H. McCue for the following very brief account of his grandfather, Rev. John McCue, and his descendants:

" Rev. John McCue's father emigrated from the north of Ireland, and was of the Covenanter stock. He settled in Lancaster co., Penn'a; from thence in a few years he removed to Nelson co., Va., circa 1737. He left a large family, the eldest of whom, Rev. Jno McCue, graduated A. B. at Washington College previous to its charter in 1782, and studied divinity under Rev. Jas. Waddell, whom he succeeded as pastor of Tinkling Spring. He founded the first Presbyterian church west of the Allegha-mes in Lewisburg, Greenbrier co., and was succeeded at Lewisburg by Rev.------Mcllhany, D.D. Rev. Jno. McCue was pastor of the Staunton church in 1791, and in the same year took charge of Tinkling Spring. He married a daughter of James Allen, of Augusta, and among his descendants are the Bells, Wayts, Crawfords, Hydes, Kaysers and Francis-coes of Augusta, and the Trimbells of Ohio. Rev. John McCue left five sons, James A., John, William M. D., Franklin and Cyrus, and five daughters, Mrs. Alex'r Barry, Mrs. Gen. Jos. McDowell of N. C, Mrs. las. Miller, Mrs. Jos. Matthews, and Mrs. John Porterfield. The Rev. Jno. McCue was distinguished for his piety, strength of character and intellect, learning and eloquence. His grandson, Judge J. H. McCue, possesses an MS. volume of his sermons characterized by learning, deep research and profound thought.

John McCue, Esq., The writer cannot permit this occasion to pass without paying a slight tribute of respect to the memory of one of the best and purest men he ever knew. It was his good fortune to have known from boyhood the late John McCue, of the Long Meadows, to have spent some time now and again under his hospitable roof, to serve with him on the County Court, and to enjoy his friendship during the early years of his life. He soon learned to esteem and admire him for his sterling worth and many good qualities, and the more he knew of him in after years, the higher was his estimate of his talents and his character. From the sacred calling of his father, the reader will not be surprised to learn that more care was taken to secure his moral and religious principles than to instruct him in professional or general literature, for both of which, however, he exhibited a decided and early liking. His parents sought to make him good rather than great While yet a boy he expressed a wish to engage in agricultural pursuits, a desire heightened by his ardent love for natural scenery and a taste for the seclusion of the country. After he acquired the extensive and valuable estate on the " Long Meadows/1 he removed there, and there the principal part of his useful and honorable life was spent, and there he died. His social, intellectual, and moral qualities need not be described. To sum up all in a few words: He was a man of vigorous intellect, generous soul, and varied information. Though a Whig by conviction, anddedded in his politics, he never was a partizan, and while serving in the General Assembly, of which he was often a popular and influential member, was a laborious and conscientious worker rather than a frequent and ambitious speaker. No man had a higher sense of honor, and ne enjoyed the confidence and respect of both parties, wielded much influence, and served to the entire satisfaction of his constituents. In private life, Mr. McCue exhibited an active benevolence and the same Christian piety which marked his public career. His heart overflowed with benevolence and kindly feelings, and this precious quality rendered him even more delightful in the social circle than his strong, bright intellect. His conversation was eagerly sought by the good and wise, who derived both pleasure and profit from his varied stores of original thought and acquired information. To a large extent he lived for others. In all his acts he showed a forget-fulness otself, and in the last scene of his life exhibited the firmness of the philosopher united to the piety of the Christian. Mr. McCue not only paid homage to the Great Source of all good and precious gifts, whether intellectual or material, but made religion his favorite theme, not a religion of mental abstraction, but one of practical efficacy en every feeling of the heart and every action of the life. It was ever his aim to promote glory to God in the highest by advancing " Peace on earth and good will towards men." In his neighborhood and among the congregation of Tinkling Spring, his memory is not only cherished as that 01 a good and wise man, but venerated as that of a public and private benefactor.

The first of this family who settled in Augusta, 1750, was Peter Hanger, an emigrant from Penn., whose family had previously settled there, having crossed the ocean from Germany. He married in Penn , and at his death, in 1801, on the farm now owned by the city of Staunton, in connection with the water-works, left issue, a large family, one of whom was Peter Hanger, of the Willow Spout, who married Zink, and they left issue: 1. Peter; 2. Dr. John; 3. Wm. S.; 4. David, who died in Missouri; 5. Mrs Jacob Baylor; 6. Mrs. S. M. Woodward ; 7. Mrs. Hannah Allen.

Peter Hanger settled on an estate near Waynesboro, and married Martha, a daughter of George Crawford, by whom he left issue: 1. George C.; 2. Catharine, who married J H. Evans; 3 Peter; 4. Nancy, who married Col. Alex. R. Robertson ; 5. John; 6. H. Miller; 7. William; 8. Marshall Hanger, long a delegate from Augusta county to the General Assembly of Virginia, and for years Speaker of the Lower House; 9. Dr. David W ; 10. Edgar, who died young; 11. Norman, unmarried

This family, one of the earliest seated in the county, was noted for to spirit and enterprise, and actively seconded the efforts of the Founder in subduing the country, introducing improvements, and advancing the public interests. Another brother, George Hanger, settled on the Middle River, and left numerous descendants.

The Mathews family came originally from Ireland, and settled in Augusta about the year 1739. They took up the land about four miles from the present village of Churchville, and twelve from Staunton, now owned and occupied by Valentine Hupman. The members of the family were: 1. William; 2. Richard; 3. James; 4. John; 5. Sampson. William Mathews married, and left issue: 1. Richard; 2. John; 3. Isaac; 4. Kate, died unm.; 5. Mary, m------Rankin, of Ky.; 6. Margaret, m Fred Hanger; 7. Jane, died unm ; and 8. Elizabeth, b 1774, m Ab-ner Gaines, b 1766, of Orange co., Va., about 1789. They removed to Kentucky and left issue; 1. James Mathews Gaines, b 1793; 2. John P., b I795J 3- Win. H., b 1797 ; 4. Mary W., b 1800; 5. Richard M., b 1802; 6. Benj. F., b 1804; 7. Augusta W., b 1805; 8. Arch'd K., b 1808; 9. Ab-ner, b 1810; 10. Elizabeth, b 1812; 11. Mildred Pollard, b 1815; 12. Harriet B., b 1818. James M married Elvira Toussey, and they left one child, now living.

John P. removed to Oregon and became Governor of the Territory, He m Eliza Kinkead, of Ky., and had a large family. Wm. H. m first Miss Early, a relative of Gen. Jubal A Early, and had five children. He m second Miss Belden, of Arkansas, and has seven children. Mary W. married Craig Bush, and they left five children.

Richard married Eliza Hutchins, of Miss., and they left three children. Benjamin P. also married a Miss Kinkead, of Ky., and they have issue living in Florida, Augustus married Miss Daniel, of Richmond, Ky., and they left a large family. Archibald married first Miss Dudley, of Georgetown, and they left issue. He married second the sister of his first wife, and they have issue: a large family. Abner died unmarried. Elizabeth married Lewis Hubbell, of N. Y., and left issue living in Boone co., Ky.

Mildred married Anthony H. Davies, of Chicot co , Arkansas, and they have issue, eight children, namely: 1. Anthony, d; 2. Fanny Walker: 3. Walter; 4. Mildred; 5. Robert Geddes Davies; 6. Anthony; 7. Abner; 8. Joseph Davies. Governor George Mathews, of Georgia, and Sampson Mathews, of Staunton, one of whose daughters married Sam'l Clark, another Gen. Sam'l Blackburn, were of this family, but no list of their descendants in Va. or the South could be procured.

The first of this family emigrated from England early in the 18th century, and settled in Penn. Thence two of his sons removed to Va. and settled in Jefferson, namely: Robert and Charles. A third son removed to the West and became a citizen of Ky. Both Robert and Charles were officers during the war of the Revolution, and Charles died unm., from wounds received during the war. After the war, about 1782, Col. Robert Porterfield removed to Augusta and settled on South river, on a farm which he called " Soldiers Retreat" He married Rebecca Farrar, of Amelia co., by whom he had issue: 1. Charles, who died unmarred.; 2. Polly; 3. John; 4. Rebecca. Polly married Lewis Wayland, of Augusta, and left a large family, who have removed to Ky. John Porterfield married Betsy McCue, a sister of John and Col. Franklin McCue, and had only one child, Robert Porterfield, who married a daughter of John Wayt, and left one son, Robert Porterfield, of Lewisburg, Greenbrier co., W Va., who married Miss McClung, of Greenbrier and they have three children, namely: Mattie, Herbert and Annie. Rebecca Porterfield married William Kinney, Esq., of Staunton, and they left issue, nine children, viz: 1. Mary, married Alfred Chapman, of Orange, and they have a large family; 2. Jane, who married E. M. Taylor, of N. Y., and they have eight children; 3. Robert Porterfield, who married Isabella, daughter of L. L. Stevenson, and they have a large family; 4 Rebecca, who married S. A. Richardson, of Mass., and they have three children; 5. William Kinney, M. D., who died unmarried.; 6, Annie Maria, who married Maj. H. M. Bell, a lawyer of Staunton, and they have three children: 1. Richard P.; 2. Annie; and 6.. Henderson M., jr.; 7. Eliza, unmarried.; 8. Charles N., who died unmarried.; 9. John C, died unmarried. Gen. Porterfield had two sisters: 1. Rebecca, who died unmarried.; 2. Eleanor, who married Mr. Heath, Attorney-Gen, of Ky., and they left no issue. He was a man of high character, strong sense and martial spirit.

The first of this family who emigrated from England to Va. was George Wayt, who settled in Orange county, circa 1750. He had three sons, namely: 1. John; 2 William ; 3. James. John, the eldest son, removed to Augusta about 1790, and married Susan, a daughter of Joseph Bell, by whom he left no issue. He was a distinguished Mason, merchant, and Mayor of the town. He was an eminently good and pious man, being an Elder in the Staunton Presbyterian Church. William Wayt married Miss Hodges, of Caroline county, and left one son, John Wayt, and three daughters. John Wayt removed to Augusta in 1811. He married twice: first, Margaret A Bell, daughter of James Bell, by whom he left issue, one daughter, who married Robt J. Porterfield, by whom she left issue, one son. She married secondly Johnston E. Bell, of Lewisburg, and left three children, one son and two daughters. John Wavt m second Sarah A. Bell, d. of Maj. Wm. Bell, of Lewis creek, and left issue at his death in Staunton in 1877, three children: 1.Dr. Newton Wayt; 2. J. Howard Wayt; 3. Mattie, who married Thos. A. Bledsoe, Cashier Nat. V. Bank, Staunton, and they have issue, two daughters, & Bell and Mary Lou Bledsoe.

Dr. Newton Wayt married Julia B., a daughter of Wade H. Heiskell, and has issue, two sons and one daughter, viz: 1. Baldwin; 2. Hampton; 3. Mattie. J. Howard Wayt is unmarried.

John Wayt, was long a magistrate of the county, an elder in the churches in Waynesboro and Staunton, and was for years a leading merchant and banker. He had a strong mind, great inaustry and enterprise. He enjoyed the confidence, respect and esteem of the community, and died beloved and regretted by the entire public.

The first person of this name, of whom we have any knowledge, is John Waddell, rector of the University of St. Andrew's, Scotland, in 1527, previous to the Reformation.

The Waddells afterwards became staunch Covenanters, Protestants of the strictest sect The whole family seems to have participated in the battle of Bothwell Bridge, June 22d, 1679. No less than four of them were taken prisoners there, viz: William and Robert Waddell, of Monkland Parish; Walter Waddell, of Sprunston, and Alexander Waddell, of Castle-town. The sufferings of the prisoners in Grayfriars Churchyard, Edinburgh, is a matter of history. Some of them died under the harsh treatment they received; others made their escape; others were set free on signing a declaration never to take arms against the King; and about two hundred and fifty were banished to the Island of Barbadoes. ' These were taken away by a merchant of Leith, named Paterson, who contracted with the government to transport the banished men, the four Waddells being among them. After leaving port a storm arose, and the vessel being driven around the Orkney Islands, was wrecked at a place called the Mule head of Darness. By Paterson's order, the prisoners were shut up beneath the hatches, and two hundred of them were drowned. All the Waddells perished, except William. The fifty prisoners who escaped found their way to the north of Ireland and settled there, the government interfering with them no further.

It is believed that William Waddell was the grandfather of the Rev. James Waddell, DD., widely known as the Blind Preacher. The father of Dr Waddell was named Thomas, and came to America from County Down, Ireland, in 1739. He settled in the southeastern part of Pennsylvania, near the Delaware line. He had three sons, William, Robert and James, and a daughter named Sally. William and Robert moved at an early day to Western Pennsylvania, where Robert reared a large family of children. William and Sally never married.

James Waddell was an infant when the family came to America. His father was a plain man, and the son at first looked forward to nothing better than a life of manual labor. But while a small boy, he and his older brothers chased a hare into a hollow tree, and thrusting his left hand into the hollow to seize the game, it was nearly severed by his brother's axe. The parts adhered, but the hand was permanently disabled. This "accident " led to his being sent to the school of the Rev. Dr. Finley, afterwards President of Princeton College, then one of the most celebrated schools in the country. He rose to be an assistant teacher, and among his pupils was the eminent Dr. Benjamin Rush.

About the year 1758, he started, on horseback, to go to Charleston, South Carolina, where he expected to spend his life in teaching. Passing through Virginia, he encountered, in Hanover county, the Rev. Samuel Davies, who prevailed upon him to remain here. At first, he taught for some time in Louisa county, in association with the Rev. Mr. Todd. Becoming a minister, he located in Lancaster county, where he married Mary Gordon, daughter of Col. James Gordon. When the Revolutionary war began, he removed to Augusta county, and lived during the war on a large farm which he purchased and called Spring Hill. This farm is on South River, some miles above Waynesboro, and part of it was lately owned by Mr. Zachariah McChesney. During his residence here he preached at Tinkling Spring and Staunton. After the war he removed to the place, where he died, near Gordonsville, his dwelling being in Louisa county, but the farm in the three counties of Louisa, Orange and Albemarle.

The Peyton family is of high antiquity in the mother country. According to Camden, Du Moulin, and other historians and antiquarians, the founder was William de Malet, one of the great barons who accompanied William I to the conquest of England, and obtained from that monarch many grants of manors and lordships as a recompense for his military services. Among these lordships were Sibton and Peyton Halls, in Norfolk, from the latter of which, Reginald, a nephew of William de Malet, assumed the surname of Peyton, in accordance with the usage of the times.

The name is also one of the earliest connected with the colony of Va. Sir Henry Peyton was knighted by James I, and was gentleman of the Privy Chamber of Prince Henry, 1610, was a member of the London Company to whom King James, May 23d, 1609, granted a charter "to deduce a colony and make habitation in that part of America commonly called Va." Sir Henry Peyton was the fourth son of the Right Hon. Sir Thomas Peyton, M. P. for Dunwich in 1557, and Customer of Plymouth, by his wife, Lady Cecilia Bouchier, daughter of John, second Earl of Bath. He m Lady Mary, d of Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset His nephew, son of his brother, Robert, namely: John Peyton, is supposed to have been the first who made the voyage to Va., circa 1622, when in his 26th year, and to have settled in the colony 1644. He m Ellen Pakington, of London, and left two sons: I. Henry Peyton, of Acquia, Westmoreland county, Va.;
II. Valentine Peyton, of Nominy, Westmoreland county, Va., a colonel in the British army.

The descendants of the two are scattered through Va. and the South and West. From Valentine was descended the gallant and patriotic CoL Harry Peyton, of Revolutionary fame, who, when he heard that his last son, Yelverton, had been killed at the siege of Charleston, S. C , 1780, by a cannon ball from the enemy's fleet, exclaimed: " Would to God I had another to put in his place." Frances Peyton was a daughter of Col. Harry P., and m the late Judge John Brown, of the Staunton Circuit, and left issue:

I. Judge Jas. E. Brown, of Wytheville, uncle by marriage of Gen. J. E. B. Stuart.
II. Martha Steele, who m Judge B. G. Baldwin, father of Col. J. B. Baldwin, Mrs. A. H. H. Stuart, Mrs. James M. Ranson, and Mrs. Chapman J. Stuart.
III. Margaret Brown m William S. Eskridge, and left issue: Mrs. John Towles, of La., and Mrs. R. T. W. Duke, of Albemarle

From the elder brother, Henry Peyton, of Acquia, was descended from Balie Peyton, of Tenn., a distinguished lawyer, soldier and statesman. He served as M. C. for Tenn., 1833-37, as colonel of 5th Louisiana regiment in the Mexican war, 1845-48, and was Minister Plenipotentiary to Chili, 1848-1852; Hon Jos Peyton, M. C. for Tenn.; Hon. Francis Peyton, an influential and patriotic member of the H. of D. of Va. from 1777 to 1785, also a member of the Convention of 1776 to frame a Constitution for Va.; Hon. E. G Peyton, late Chief Justice of the Supreme Court A Miss.; Col. Robert L. Y. Peyton, late Confederate States Senator for Missouri; Hon. Samuel O. Peyton, M C. for Ky., and others. Velveteen Peyton, when shot, fell into the arms of the late Gen. Ro. Porterfield, of Augusta, who was standing by his side.

Another branch of the original stock of Peytons settled in Va. circa 365, namely: Robert Peyton, a grandson of Sir Edward Peyton, Baronet Isleham co., of Camb. He took up large tracts of land in Gloucester, he made his home at Isleham, in the present county of Matthews. From these early settlers have sprung a numerous progeny settled in almost every part of the U. S., from N. Y. to Georgia and from Minnesota to Texas and California. The earliest Peyton connected with Augusta was Henry J. Peyton, who came up from Prince William to Winchester, and hence to Augusta about 1796. In 1802 he was appointed Clerk of the Lancery Court of this district, and served with great satisfaction to the public until 1814. The second who came to the county was John Howe Peyton, of Montgomery Hall, who settled in Staunton in 1809, on receiving the appointment of Attorney for the Commonwealth. He was the son John R. Peyton, of Stony Hill, Stafford, who was known and acknowledged in his day as a man of gifted intellect and penetrating good sense. He lived in the seclusion of the country, devoted to rural pursuits and the cultivation of social happiness. He died in 1798, in his 45th year, and he sleeps under the solemn trees of Stony Hill Cemetery side by side with his fathers. " He was one of many thousand such that die betimes, whose story is a fragment, known to few." His father, John Peyton, was a tan who combined within himself every noble and generous quality, of home one of his contemporaries said: " It would require no common sense to depict the undeviating rectitude of his conduct, the unshaken existancy of his friendship, the unwearied activity of his benevolence and invariable warmth of his affections, the untarnished purity of his habits, nd the unabated fervor of his piety." John H. Peyton inherited in a remarkable manner these moral qualities, and was, says Mr. Bezer Blundell, . S. A.: "A wise and good man, eminent alike for his leaping and ability as a jurist, and for the purity of his private morals. Trained in the best principles, and early imbued with a veneration for the noblest characters of antiquity, Mr. Jno. H. Peyton did not seek public favor by courting the opulence, or his reputation might have been more extended. His virtue as of another complexion. Content with his profession, and with his own consciousness of rectitude, he always sought to be in reality what he appeared, and might have changed his family motto,' Patior-Potior, for iat of the late Lord Somers: ' Esse quam videri.' He was noticeable, so, as a fine specimen,

doubtless much over the average, of the upper class of our Colonial gentry, at a period when Virginia flourished nrst ader the direct influence of monarchy, and subsequently as a republic, It a republic whose institutions were * tempered, and so to speak, toned ^wn by traditionary influences, which still refined, though they no longer mtrolled them." John H. Peyton m first Susan Madison, d of Wm. trother Madison, a relative of Bishop Madison, by whom he left issue, ie son, the late Col. Wm. M. Peyton, of Roanoke, who m Sally, a d of idge Allen Taylor, by whom he left issue a large family, of whom there e now living: Mrs. Walter Preston, of Abingdon, whose eldest daughter m idge Geo. W. Ward; 2. Capt. Wm. M. Peyton, of Kanawha, W. Va., who Miss Mann, of Gloucester co., Va., and has a large family. 3. Sally, who T. C. Reed, and left one child, Betty, who married Dr. Wm. Berkeley, of Roanoke, a relative of Lord Botetourt, once Gov. of the colony; 4. Beridine, who married Lewellyn, Esq., of Albemarle, who has a large family. Col. Wm. M. Peyton died in 1868 deeply regretted by a numerous circle friends throughout the State and country. He was a man of ability and learning, a ripe scholar, possessing all the essentials of a great writer. His mind was "broad, his power of dramatic description remarkable, and in his analysis of character, elaborate and distinct. With his dear, vivid and eloquent style, and love of literature, he would doubtless have risen to the first distinction as a writer, but for a physical malady (vertigo), causing partial paralysis, which early interfered with his labors, and finally put an end to his life. He served at different times in the General Assembly and in other public positions, and was universally respected for the purity of his life, the activity of his benevolence, and the rectitude of his conduct John H. Peyton m secondly Ann Montgomery, d of Maj. John Lewis, of the Sweet Springs, by whom he left issue at his death at Montgomery Hall in 1847.

I. John Lewis Peyton, who married Henrietta E. C, daughter of Col. J. C. Washington, of N. C, by whom he has issue: one son, Lawrence W. H.
II. Yelverton, unmarried, a resident of Texas.
III. Susan Madison married Col J. B Baldwin; no issue.
IV. Ann Montgomery, d unmarried.
V. Mary Preston married Robt. Gray, and has issue: 1. Robert; 2. Peyton; 3 Preston; 4. Susan; 5. Isabella.
VI. Lucy Garnett married Judge Jno. N. Hendren, and has issue: one son, Samuel, and two daughters, Annie M. and Lucy Peyton.
VII. Elizabeth, married Wm. Boys Telfair, of Ohio, and they have issue: 1. William ; 2. John; 3. Susan.
VIII. Margaret Lynn married Capt. Geo. M. Cochran, of Staunton, and they have issue: 1. Susan ; 2. Maria; 3. George; 4. Ann; 5. John; 6. Margaret; 7. Peyton.
IX. Virginia, married Col. Jos. F. Kent, of Wythe, and they have issue: 1. Joseph F.; 2. Susan; 3. Mary.
X. Cornelia married first Dr. Thos. Brown, and at his death he left issue: two sons, 1. Baldwin; and 2. Peyton. Mrs. Brown married secondly Wm. H. Greene, of Augusta, but they have no living issue.

Dr. Cornelius Baldwin (the great grandson of John Baldwin, who settled at Milford, Conn., in 1638-9,) was born in Elizabeth City, N. J., in 1751; served as an army surgeon during the Revolution, and at the end of the war settled at Winchester, Va. He married, about 1784, Mary, the youngest daughter of Col. Gerard Briscoe, of " Cloverdale," near Winchester. Colonel Briscoe was from Montgomery county, Md.; his wife, Mary Baker, was born in Annapolis; they had only two children, viz;: Elizabeth Briscoe, who married Judge Hugh Holmes, and Eleanor Briscoe, who married Judge Archibald Stuart, of Staunton, (the father and mother of Hon. A. H. H. Stuart.) Dr. Cornelius Baldwin's children by his first wife, Mary Briscoe (she was born 1767, died September 26, 1808,) were ten, viz.:

I. Margaret, b 1785, d 1826.
II. Eliza C, b 1787, d December 11, 1844.
III. Briscoe Gerard, b January 17, 1789, d May 18, 1853.
IV. Cornelius E., b 1791, d about 1828.
V. Robert T., b 1793, d 1863.
VI. Archibald Stuart, b 1797, d 1873.
VII. Hugh Holmes; d young.
VIII. Mary Briscoe, b November 18, 1800; living in 1878.
IX. William Daniel, b 1803, d 1830.
X. Alexander G., b 1805, d in 1835, at Fort Towson, Arkansas He was educated at West Point, and died a lieutenant in the U. S. A.; un-married

Dr. Cornelius Baldwin married secondly, in May, 1813 Mildred, d of Dr. Throgmorton, of Clark county, Va. She d in September, 1816, leaving issue.

XI. Cornelia, who married the Rev. William H. Mitchell, of Washington, D. C.

Dr Cornelius Baldwin married thirdly, in 1819, Miss Susan Richard. No issue.

Margaret Baldwin married, in 1803, Judge William Daniel, St., of Lynchburg, in Cumberland in 1770, d. in Lynchburg November 20,1839. He first entered the State Legislature in 1798-99; served in both of its branches with distinguished ability; was transferred to the Bench, and continued to his death a member of the General Court of Virginia. His children were:

I. Mary C. B., b 1804, d at "Union Hill" in 1843 I married, in 1825, Mayo Cabell, Esq., of " Union Hill."
II. William, Jr., Judge, b in Cumberland 1808, died at Nelson courthouse in 1873; married first, in 1843, Sarah A., (d in 1846) daughter of John W. Warwick, of Lynchburg. Their eldest child is John W. Daniel. Judge Wm. Daniel, Jr., married secondly Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Governor William H. Cabell, president of the Virginia Court of Appeals
III. Eliza, b 1810, d in 1831; married, in 1831, William J. Lewis, M. C. for Lynchburg District No issue.
IV. Elvira Augusta, b 1817, d June 29, 1862; married, in 1836, Col. Charles Ellet, Jr., of Philadelphia.
V. Martha, married Judge Wood Bouldin, of the Virginia Court of Appeals.

Eliza Cook Baldwin married, in 1810, Capt. Joseph C. Baldwin, who descended from Nathaniel Baldwin, who settled at Milford, Conn.
Cornelius Clarke, b 1811; established the Lexington "Gazette" in 1836; married first, in 1837, Margaret, daughter of Hugh Paxton; secondly, in 1858, Miss Sue A. Sale.

II. Elizabeth Holmes, b 1813, d 1844; married, 1832, William H. Garber, Esq. , of Staunton Among their children are Judge John Garber, formerly of the Supreme Court of Nevada, Virginia Garber, who married Gen. Reuben Davis, of Mississippi, M. C, & C , and Maj. Alexander M. Garber.

II I. Joseph Glover, born at Friendly Grove, one mile south of Winchester, January 21,1815; received his elementary education in Staunton, being a class-mate of the writer, who at that early day discovered his intellectual superiority, and predicted for him a brilliant future; married, in 1839, Miss Sidney, d of Judge Jno. White, of Talledega, Ala. In 1835 he edited the " Buchanan Advocate;" removed to De Kalb county, Miss , in 1836, and to to Gainesville, Ala , in 1838, where he practiced law for twelve years in part moved to California in 1854; was a judge of the Supreme Court from October 1858, to January, 1862, when he resumed the practice of law in San Francisco; he d September 30,1864. His eldest son, Judge Alex. White Baldwin, b in 1840, killed in a railroad collision near San Francisco in November, 1868; educated at the University of Virginia; a practicing lawyer at eighteen; a prosecuting attorney at nineteen; a leader of the Nevada Bar at twenty one; a United States District Judge at twenty five; one of the most brilliant and promising young men of his day in America. His (J. G. Baldwin's) oldest daughter, Kate Baldwin, married Hon. John B. Fenton, of California.
IV. Cyrus Briscoe, b 1819, d June 25, 1862, in C. S. A.; married, first, Miss Gates ; second, a daughter of Judge Vandegreff, of Gainesville. Ala.
V. Cornelia, married, in 1859, Hon. Edward Stanley, M. C, of North Carolina. He moved to San Francisco, where he died without issue July, 1872.

Gen. B. G. Baldwin married, 1812, Martha Steele (b September 12th, 1791, died January, 1870,) daughter of Chancellor John Brown and his wife Fanny Peyton (daughter of Col. Henry Peyton, a distinguished patriot and soldier of 1776.) Gen. B. G. Baldwin was educated at William and Mary College; studied law; frequently a member of the Legislature; a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1829; appointed a judge of the Court of Appeals 1842. His children were:

I. Frances Cornelia, married August 1, 1833, Hon. A. H. H. Stuart
II. Mary Eleanor, married July 1, 1841, Col. James M. Ranson.
III. John Brown, b near Staunton January 11, 1820, d September 30, 1873; Speaker of the House of Delegates of Virginia; Inspector General of the State forces; colonel of the Fifty second regiment Virginia volunteers, C. S. A.; member Confederate Congress, and filled most acceptably other positions of honor and trust He married in 1842, Susan M., daughter of Hon. John H. Peyton, an eminent lawyer of Staunton, Va. No issue.
IV. Margaret, married Dr. Chapman Johnson Stuart.
V. Col. Briscoe G., and VI. James William. Briscoe was chief of ordnance C. S. A. of Northern Virginia. James was drowned in James river, at Richmond, Va., October, 1876.
Dr Cornelius E. Baldwin married Nelly, daughter of Major Isaac Hite, of Belle Grove, near Middletown, whose wife was the sister of President Madison. Mr. Madison left each of Dr. Baldwin's three daughters a handsome legacy. Issue:

I. Eleanor, married Lewis Davidson; moved to Missouri.
II. Mary B., a missionary of the Protestant Episcopal Church at Athens, Greece; d in 1877 at Jaffa, Syria.
III. Dr. Hite, formerly a surgeon U. S. N.
IV. James.
V. Dr. Robert T., a surgeon C. S. N.
VI. Ann, married Mr. Hay, of Missouri, U. S. consul at Jaffa. He d leaving one child, John Baldwin Hay. now (1878) United States consul general at Constantinople, Turkey. Mrs. Hay has charge of a mission school at Jaffa.

Dr. Robert T Baldwin, a surgeon in the U. S. A. in the war of 1812; married first, Sally Mackey (no issue ); second, Portia Hopkins, and had issue:

I. Cornelia, married J. Peyton Clarke.
II. Mary Briscoe, married Rev. J M. P. Atkinson, D. D., president of Hampden-Sidney College.
III. Dr. Robert
IV. Ludwell.
V. John, d 1877.

Dr. Archibald Stuart Baldwin married Kitty Mackey, sister to his brother Robert's first wife. Issue:

I. Mary, married Mr. Tidball, a lawyer; moved to California.
II. Margaret, married Robert Whitehead, a lawyer of Nelson county, Va.
III. Catherine, married Dr. Sigismund Neil.
IV. Dr. Robert F., superintendent State Lunatic Asylum, Staunton, Va.; a colonel and surgeon in C. S. A.; d 1879
V. Dr. John, married a d of Hon. Richard W. Barton, M. C. from Virginia, &c He d in 1862.
VI. Dr. Cornelius, married a daughter of Marshall Jones, of New Orleans.
VII. Sallie.
VIII. Fannie.

Mary Briscoe Baldwin married William W. Donaghe. Issue:

I. Margaret, D., married Rev. Robert White, D. D.
II. Dr. Briscoe B., married Miss Brooke. HI. Mary A., unm.
IV. Annie, married H. Jouette Gray.
V. William W., married Lucy Callaghan.
William Daniel Baldwin married Margaret, daughter of John C. Sowers. He d aged twenty seven, leaving only one child, Mary Julia Baldwin.

Maj. Absolom Koiner has kindly furnished the following brief account of his family:

"The Koiner family", one of the most numerous in the county, with branches of it settled in nearly all of the states south and west of New England, is of German origin, and has been traced as far back as the year 1650, on the Parish records of Winterlingen, Wurtenburg, where a portion of the family still remains. The family name from 1650 to the 29th of January, 1720, when Michael Koinath, the progenitor of the American family was born, was variously spelled, viz: Koinath, Kaeinath, Konot, Koynat, Keinot, Keinath, Keinodt, Kainath, and Michael's birth is registered Koinath. Michael emigrated to America between 1740-45, and settled in Lancaster county, Pa. The records of the Lutheran church at New Holland, in said county, contains "the marriage of Michael Keinet or Keined, son of Conrad Keinet, of Wurtenburg, to Margaret Diller, daughter of Casper Diller on the 21st of February, 1749." The Dillers are a numerous family to this day, and are chiefly Lutherans. Tradition has it, that Michael Koiner made repeated trading voyages across the Atlantic, and on his last voyage a sister accompanied nim to America. Caught in a storm, he was compelled to throw his goods (firearms) overboard, and his sister was swept into the sea. On his return to Pennsylvania he engaged in smithing trade to restore his lost fortunes. He was a man of medium size, of great energy and firmness. He was one of the first to clear away the brush wood, and build at Millerstown, Pa., where his son Casper was born, and probably others. Subsequently he moved west of the Susquehanna river into that part of Cumberland county which is now Franklin county, and settled on the Yellow breaches creek. He here became the owner of land. He had ten sons and three daughters, namely, according to seniority: 1, George Adam; 2, Conrad; 3, George Michael; 4, Mary; 5, Elizabeth; 6, Casper ; 7, Catharine; 8, John; 9, Martin; 10, Jacob; 11, Christian; 12, Philip; and 13, Frederick. The daughter's names, after marriage, were Mary Hedabaugh, Elizabeth Balsley, wife of Christian ; Catharine Slagle, wife of Jacob. The families of the first and last named daughters have gone to the west. His sons, George Adam and Casper, came to Augusta county, Va., first About the year 1787 their father came and purchased farms; the first, a tract of 300 acres for ^335, conveyed to him on the 22nd Aug., 1787, as Michael Coynant, of Cumberland county, Pa. On 25th September, 1790. there was conveyed to him 200 acres by Hefflepower. On the 21st October, 1790,303 acres, on South River, by Archibald Bowling, for ^400. The latter is the farm on which he settled and lived for about six years preceding his death. This farm has been in his family to the present, and is now owned and occupied by Casper B. Koiner, his great grandson. Michael, the patriarch, died 7th of November, 1796. His wife's age was 79 years. Both were buried at Koiner's, now Trinity church, near the South River. He and his family primarily belonged to the Lutheran branch of the Protestant church. All the family of die progenitor came to Virginia except his son Conrad, who remained in Pennsylvania, and reared a numerous family there. His sons George Adam, Casper, Martin, Philip, Frederick and George Michael remained ail died in Augusta county, Va. The rest, who came from Pennsylvania, subsequently emigrated to other states, John, at an early day, to Ohio, and founded a prosperous family ; Christian to West Virginia, and Jacob not remembered.

'The farms of these early seders have, with great uniformity, remained in the hands of their posterity, to wit: The farm of George Adam is still in the possession of his grandson, George K. Keiser; that of Casper in the possession of his son, Simon; that of Martin, on the Glades, in the possession of a daughter descendant of the Bell family; that of Philip in the possession of his son, David VV.; and that of George Michael in the possession of his son, Michael A. "The oldest three sons were soldiers in the Revolutionary war, and Philip, one of the younger, was an officer in the war of 1812, with others of the second generation.

"Casper, one of the first to emigrate from Pennsylvania to Virginia, was the father of the most numerous and prosperous family. He had nine sons and two daughters, viz: 1, Jacob; 2, Michael; 3, John; 4, Philip; 5, David; 6, Samuel; 7, Martin ; 8, Simon ; and 9, Benjamin. The daughters were, 1, Mary, the wife of George Koiner; and 2. Susan, the wife of Dr. Samuel G. Henkel. Each of these, with scarcely an exception, had large and prosperous families, who are mainly still residents of Augusta county. With a few exceptions, only, agriculture has engaged their attention, attended with uniform development and success."

Thomas Lewis, the eldest son of the Founder, was born in Donegal, Ireland, April 27th, 1718, and died in Augusta, January 31st, 1790. He was a man of strong and cultivated mind, of spirit and enterprise, and during the colonial period and the Revolutionary war rendered important services to the country. In 1746, he was appointed colonial surveyor of Augusta, and much of Washington's great wealth was acquired by surveys of land under his authority and in common with him. He and Col. John Wilson represented the county in the House of Burgesses almost uninterruptedly from 1745 to 1767, and they voted, in 1765, for Patrick Henry's celebrated resolutions declaring that this " general assembly have the only exclusive right and power to lay taxes and impositions upon the inhabitants of this colony; that any efforts in an opposite direction are illegal, unconstitutional and unjust, and have a manifest tendency to destroy British as well as American freedom." In 1775, he was unanimously elected delegate to the Colonial Congress, and was one of the first to enroll his name among the " Sons of Liberty." He was commissioner of the old confederacy of the thirteen colonies, in 1778, to treat with the Indian tribes who had been defeated at the battle of Point Pleasant, and successfully concluded his negotiations, thus setting free from the defense of the western border thousands of our best troops who hastened to join the standard of Washington and fight for the independence of their country. He was a member of the convention which ratified the Constitution of the United States, and by a vote so nearly divided that the patriot yet rejoices at his country's escape from the anarchy which would have been the consequence of a different result He urged with eloquence and ability the adoption of the Constitution and voted for its ratification. After the Revolution. Washington made him a visit at Lewiston, in Rockingham, and there arranged their land claims. Gov. Gilmer says in his Sketches of Upper Georgia, p. 548: 'My father, then a youth of nineteen, returning from my Grandfather Lewis', where he had been visiting my mother, met Washington fording the Shenandoah river in the dusk of the evening.

Washington asked him how he should go to Mr. Lewis'. My father, taking him for some big Dutchman of the neighborhood, who was poking fun at him on account of his frequent visits to the Lewis family, answered, " follow your nose."

It is a noticeable fact in a country of such rapid changes as ours that his descendants still own and reside upon his estate of Lewiston, near Port Republic, in the present county of Rockingham. His great grandson, Hon. John F. Lewis, is the present Lieut-Governor of Virginia; another great grandson, Hon. L. L. Lewis, is Judge of the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia, and a great-great-grandson, D. S. Lewis, United States Attorney for the Western District of Virginia. Gen. Samuel H. Lewis, a grandson, in a letter of date April 6th, 1855, addressed to Hon. Samuel Price, of Lewisburg, W. Va., thus speaks of him: " The defective sight of Thomas Lewis prevented him from joining his gallant brothers in the field. With the aid of glasses, which he always used, he was hardly able to tell an Indian from a white man at the distance of twenty paces." The letter alluded to above says further: " I have heard that he was six feet in height, robust but not inclined to corpulency; his eyes and hair were dark; his complexion fair. I have heard him spoken of as a handsome, fine looking man. The caste of his profile I cannot describe, but I do not think it was Roman or aquiline, as I have heard it said that my elder brother, Thomas, resembled him m features. He was exceedingly near-sighted, and was under the necessity of using glasses habitually. There is no family portrait extant of him that I know o£ He was of a grave and serious temper; strict, perhaps rigid, in his notions of moral and religious duty. Though a supporter of and a regular attendant upon the services of the Established Church, he was not a communicant He was possessed of a liberal education, and was probably one of the best mathematicians of his day in the State. He had a literary taste, and when not engaged in business or occupied with company, was generally to be found in his library. His collection of books was very extensive and valuable, embracing many of the most important works then extant in history, biography, moral philosophy, political economy, national law, theology and poetry. In his theological department were Tillotson, Barrow, South,' the Boyle Lecturer, and other standard works of the English church. He was born in Donegal county, Ireland, on the 27th of April, 1718, and died at his residence, in Rockingham county, on the Shenan-doah river, three miles from Port Republic, on the 31st day of January, 1790. In his will he fixed the place on his own estate where he wished to be buried, and desired that the burial service might be read from the Book of Common Prayer by his friend, Peachy Gilmer. He died of a cancer in the face. He was, as I have always understood, the eldest son of John Lewis. He married on the 26th of January, 1749, Jane, the daughter of William Strother, Esq., of Stafford county, whose estate, opposite to Fredericksburg, joined the residence of the father of Gen. Washington, with whom (G. W.) she was a school-mate, and nearly of the same age. She died in September, 1820. Thomas and Jane Lewis brought up a family of thirteen children.

The following sketch of this distinguished soldier is from the pen of Fred'k Johnston, of Salem:

"Those who have seen the equestrian statue of George Washington near the Capitol of Virginia in Richmond, must have observed among the noble figures placed below and around that of the Father of his Country one marked with the name of Andrew Lewis, the hero of Point Pleasant. His strikingly majestic form and figure never foil to remind me when I look at it, (as I have often done, and each time with increasing admiration) of the memorable remark made by the Governor of the Colony of New York, when General Lewis was a commissioner on behalf of Virginia at die treaty of Fort Stanwix, in New York, in 1768, that "the earth seemed to tremble under him as he walked along." He it was who is the subject of this sketch."

Andrew, the second son of John Lewis, resided on the Roanoke, in Botetourt county, as did his brother Charles. The will of Andrew Lewis, which is on record in the county court of Botetourt, dated in 1780, and admitted to record in February, 1782, showing that he died between those periods, devises to his son William two thousand acres of land lying on Roanoke river. This embraces the fine body of lands lying west of Salem for many years owned by Dr. John Johnston, on which there is a magnificent spring, which, in years gone by, furnished the water power for a manufacturing mill, that has long since disappeared. It also embraces the very valuable arm know as "Dropmore," containing one thousand acres, bought from Capt. William Lewis by Nathaniel Burwell, and was sold in the 1869 for $100,000 one hundred dollars an acre probably the largest sale of the same quantity of land that was ever made in Virginia. As will be more particularly stated hereafter, Gen. Andrew Lewis, who owned this land at the time of his death in 1781, was buried on an eminence overlooking the beautiful valley of Roanoke river, spreading out for six miles above and below the spot where the grave is now marked, from which spot I hope his dust will be removed at an early day to the public cemetery nearby.

Some of the descendants of Gen. Lewis are now living in Roanoke county. CoL Thomas Lewis and his brother Andrew, and great grandchildren, also MaJ. Andrew L. Pitzer, and other children of Madison Pitzer, who married Eliza Lewis, daughter of Capt. Andrew Lewis, also the children of Col. Elijah McClanahan. who married Agatha Lewis, daughter of Col. Andrew Lewis, of Bent Mountain. Mrs. Colin Bass, now residing in Salem, is one of those children. Capt. Andrew Lewis married Jane McClanahan, a sister of Col. Elijah and James McClanahan, and at the dose of his life resided on the farm now owned by Capt. Robert B. Moorman, half a mile west of Big Lick Depot.

Col. Andrew Lewis, of Bent Mountain, formerly in Montgomery county, now in Roanoke, was one of the sons of Gen. Andrew Lewis, who died about the year 1844, at an advanced age, about 84. My personal recollections of Col. Lewis are very distinct, having often seen him in my boyhood, at my father's house, and at his own house on Bent mountain, where he owned an immense body of lands that were valuable for pasturage and raising fine cattle in former days, and where, like Alexander Selkirk, he reigned as "monarch of all he surveyed," for a great number of years. I also met with him a few times in the latter part of his life, after religion (which he embraced when near eighty years old) had softened some other rough points of his character. Like all the Lewises, he was a man of commanding figure and appearance, reminding one of the description given by Stuart in his 'Historical Memoir" of General Andrew Lewis: "He was upwards of six feet high, of uncommon strength and agility, and his form of the most exact symmetry. He had a stern countenance, and was of a reserved and distant deportment, which rendered his presence more awful than engaging." Col. Andrew Lewis was twice married, first to a daughter of Thomas Madison, by whom he had three children one, Charles, who died unmarried, and Thomas, who was killed by McHenry in a duel fought with rifles which was fatal to both parties. This event created great interest at the time of its occurrence, not only on account of the high standing and character of the parties, but of its tragical termination. The only daughter of Col, Lewis by this marriage was Agatha, who married CoL Elijah McClanahan and left a large number of descendants. By his second marriage with Miss Bryant, he had one daughter, Kitty, who married Joseph King, and is still living on Bent Mountain with her son, Joseph R. King-

Doctor Andrew Lewis was another member of the Lewis family, who lived and died in Botetourt. He was a son of Capt. Wm. Lewis, who was twice married, first to a daughter of Thomas Madison, and afterwards to Nancy McClanahan. sister of Col. Elijah McClanahan. Dr. Lewis rose to great eminence in his profession, married Maria Walton, who is now living near Salem. and had three children, two daughters and one son.— One of the daughters, Lucy, married George W. Shanks; the other, Mary, married Henry A. Edmundson. The son, Dr. Wm. W. Lewis, married a daughter of Rev. Dr. McFarland, and left a daughter and son, Frank Lewis, who is now at the Seminary, preparing for the ministry, bang the only one cl the Lewis name (so far as I know) who has devoted himself to that calling. Having thus traced the Botetourt branches of the Lewis family from their ancestor, John Lewis, of Augusta county, I will now return to my first plan of presenting a sketch of Andrew Lewis, commonly known and referred to as the "hero of Point Pleasant," which is gathered in part from " Howe's Historical Collections," page 204, on Botetourt county— but venturing to suggest a correction In one or two particulars, which will be pointed out, also Charles Campbell's " Introduction to the History of the Colony of the Old Dominion ", from the same author's larger work, "History of the Colony and Ancient Dominion of Virginia," and from Foote's "Sketches of Virginia," 2d series, all of which are works of high authority. (1.) Howe, on page 204 as above, states that "General Andrew Lewis resided on the Roanoke river, in this county. He was one of the six sons [should be five sons and one daughter] of that John Lewis who, with Mackey and Sailing, had been foremost in settling Augusta county, and the most distinguished of a family who behaved so bravely in defending the infant settlements against the Indians. In Braddock's war he was in a company in which were all the brothers, the eldest, Samuel Lewis, being the captain. On page 182, Augusta county, the same author speaks of but four sons of John Lewis, of whom Thomas is said to be the eldest. Here is obviously a mistake, and an apparent contradiction, since Samuel and Thomas cannot both have been the eldest son. In a note on page 589 of Campbell's larger works, the following statement is made: " Thos. Lewis, eldest son of John Lewis, owing to a defective vision, was not actively engaged in the Indian wars. He married a Miss Strother, of Stafford. The second son, Samuel, died without issue. William, of the Sweet Springs, was distinguished in the frontier wars, and was an officer in the Revolutionary war. The fifth son, Col. Charles Lewis, fell at Point Pleasant." I think it may fairly be concluded that Howe is mistaken in his statement that John Lewis had six sons, and that Sam was the eldest He only gives the names of four, including Samuel, and omitting Charles. The statement of Charles Campbell is no doubt the correct one. Howe proceeds: " This corps distinguished themselves at Braddock's defeat They, with some other of the Virginia troops, were in the advance, and first attacked the enemy. Severed from the rest of the army, they cut " their way through the enemy to their companions, with the loss of many men. The conduct of Andrew Lewis at Grant's defeat, in his attack on Fort du Quesne, acquired for him the highest reputation for prudence and courage. He was at this time a major. Both Lewis and Grant were made prisoners. While they were prisoners, Grant addressed a letter to Gen. Forbes, attributing their defeat to Lewis. This letter being inspected by the French, who knew the falsehood of the charge, they handed it to Lewis, who waited on Grant and challenged him. Upon his refusing to fight, Lewis spit in his face in the presence of the French officers, and then left him to reflect on his baseness. Major Lewis was with Washington July 4th, 1754, at the capitulation of Fort Necessity, when by the articles agreed upon the garrison was to retire and return without molestation to the inhabited parts of the country; and the French commander promised that no embarrassment should be interposed either by his own men or the savages. While some of the soldiers of each army were intermixed, an Irishman, exasperated by an Indian near him, "cursed the copper colored scoundrel," and raised his musket. Lewis, who had been twice wounded in the engagement, and was then hobbling on a staff, raised the Irishman's gun as he was in the act of firing, and thus not only saved the life of the Indian, but probably prevented a general massacre of the Virginia troops. He was the commander and general of the Virginia troops at the battle of Point Pleasant, fought the 10th of May, 1774. [This should be the 10th of October, as stated by all the historians except Howe. In this campaign the Indians were driven west of the Ohio. Washington, in whose regunent Lewis had once been a major, formed so high an opinion of his bravery and military skill that at the commencement of the Revolutionary War he was induced to recommend him to Congress as one of the major-generals of the American army, a recommendation which was slighted in order to make room for Gen. Stephens. It is also said that when Washington was commissioned as commander-in-chief he expressed a wish that the appointment had been given to Gen. Lewis.

Upon this slight in the appointment of Stephens, Washington wrote a letter to Gen. Lewis, which is published in his correspondence, expressive of his regret at the course pursued by Congress, and promised that he should be promoted to the first vacancy. At his solicitation, Lewis accepted the commission of Brigadier-General, and was soon after ordered to the command of a detachment of the army stationed near Williamsburg. He commanded the Virginia troops when Lord Dunmorewas driven from Gwynn's Island, in 1776, and announced his orders for attacking the enemy by putting a match to the first gun, which was an eighteen-pounder.

Gen. Lewis resigned his command in 1781, to return home, being seized ill with a fever. He died on his way, in Bedford county, about forty (more correctly twenty-two) miles, from his own house on the Roanoke, lamented by all acquainted with his meritorious services and superior qualities.1

Col. Wm. Lewis, the Founder's third son, was born in Ireland about 1724. He was remarkably handsome in the face, perfectly well formed in person, tall, robust and vigorous. Fond of books, his great delight from boyhood was the study of literature and philosophy. He thus shunned public employments, and never would have left his retirement but for the stirring times in which he lived. On reaching a proper age, he was entered at a school in Eastern Virginia, the school of Rev. James Waddell, D. D. and after acquiring a liberal education, proceeded to Philadelphia, where he graduated as a doctor of medicine. It was during his sojourn in that city that he formed the acquaintance and won the heart of Ann Montgomery, of Delaware, who afterwards became his wife. Returning to Virginia, he would gladly have spent his days in the quiet pursuits of his profession, but the war of 1753-54 coming on, he volunteered for service, and was severely wounded at the battle of Braddock's defeat. Returning to Augusta, he resumed the practice, and soon became conspicuous for his large intelligence, his professional skill and his influence in the community. In this field he sought to promote good fellowship, to inspire a feeling of compassion among the whites for the aborigines, and to protect the Indians from the injustice of unscrupulous and greedy traders. He urged the erection of schools and churches, and was remarkable for his high regard for all things relating to education and religion. Here his life would have been spent but for the Revolution. Imbued with a sense of our wrongs, and a determination to resist the tyranny of Great Britain, he abandoned a second time his peaceful employments in 1776, and accepted a commission as colonel in the old continental line. He was an elder in the Presbyterian church, and his compassionate kindness and many acts of charity drew the eyes of the people upon him, so that he was commonly spoken of as the Civilizer of the Border. He served in the army until 781, when he returned to his family in Augusta. Gov. Gilmer, in his ketches, thus speaks of him on page 58: " William Lewis, though as powerful in person and brave in spirit as either of his brothers, was less imposed to seek fame by the sacrifice of human life. He was an elder in be Presbyterian church of the old Covenanter sort his son Thomas was an officer in Wayne's army of high reputation for soldierly conduct Soon after Tom's return home from the service, he saw some wild ducks on a Monday morning on the Sweet Spring creek. Taking a fowling piece in is hand, he crept along a zig-zag fence until within shooting distance, and was about firing when he felt the sharp pang of a birch applied to his back. Turning suddenly, he saw the uplifted hand of his father, who exclaimed, ' Til teach you not to profane the Sabbath here." It is not surprising that the old man was styled the Civilizer of the Border. In a book published in Richmond by C. H. Wynne, in 1858, entitled " Recollections, fcc, of Lynchburg, by the oldest inhabitant," on pages 316-318, there is an account of the Lewis'. The author says "William Lewis owned a princely estate where Staunton now stands (this should doubtless read near Staunton, and he with his brothers, Andrew, Thomas, Charles and Samel, were in the battle of Braddock's defeat They received their early instruction from the venerable Dr. Waddell, the blind preacher. The names of these distinguished men are all well known in history, so that only a slight mention of them here is necessary, it being only designed to make a brief record of some of the incidents connected with the family of Irs. Agatha Towles " (nee* Lewis.) William Lewis removed from Augusta to the Sweet Spring, circa 1790, where he died in 1812, revered as a Matriarch and honored and beloved as a man and citizen. His son, Hon. William I. Lewis, represented Campbell County District a the United States Congress from 1815 to 1817, and his son, Major John Lewis, a distinguished officer of the Revolution, spent the winter of 1777 at Valley Forge with Washington, between whom and Lewis a warm personal friendship existed, and was in many of the battles of the Revolution, Major Lewis died in 1823. He was a man of lofty character and indomiable spirit.

Charles Lewis the fourth son of the Founder, was killed at the battle of the Point, October 10, 1774. " He was esteemed," say Howe, p.. 183, "the most skillful of all the leaders of the border warfare, and was as much beloved for his noble and amiable qualities as he was admired for his military talents."

Hon. Alex. H. H. Stuart, M. C. for the Augusta District from 1841 to 1843, and during President Fillmore's administration Secretary of the Interior, 185O-'53, has communicated in the following letter some interesting particulars as to Col. Charles Lewis, who, it seems, was the " Idol of die Army': Staunton, October 18th, 1882. Col; John L. Peyton : Dear Sir, I regret very much that I cannot give you any detailed account of Col. Charles Lewis, who was killed at the battle of Point Pleasant in 1774. I remember being present at a conversation, about 1830, between my father and the late Andrew Reid (father of Col. Samuel McD. Reid) in regard to him. Mr. Reid had served under Col. Lewis in 1774, and was actively engaged in the battle of Point Pleasant Col. Charles Lewis was a younger brother of Gen. Andrew Lewis. Gen. Andrew Lewis was represented to have been a man of reserved manners and great dignity of character, somewhat of the order of George Washington. His vigorous intellect, unquestionable courage and solid virtues inspired unlimited confidence in all who knew him, but there was nothing showy or attractive about him. Charles Lewis, on the other hand, was represented by Mr. Reid as being a man of brilliant talents, of most engaging manners, and, as Mr. Reid expressed it, "the idol of the whole army." My father, who was a much younger man than Mr. Reid, and had no personal acquaintance with Col. Charles Lewis, but was familiar with his character, as described by his contemporaries, concurred with Mr. Reid in the high estimate which he had formed of his abilities and noble qualities, and they agreed in expressing the belief that if he had not been prematurely cutoff he would have been a conspicuous figure in our Revolutionary war. Mr. Reid said the death of Col. Charles Lewis threw gloom over the whole army. Respectfully yours, &c,
ALEX, H. H. STUART.

Arthur Campbell was born in Augusta County in 1742. When fifteen years old, he volunteered as a militiaman, to perform duty in protecting the frontier from incursions of the Indians. He was stationed in a fort on the Cow pasture river, near where the road crosses leading from Staunton to the Warm Springs. While engaged in this service, he was captured by the Indians, who loaded him with their packs, and marched seven days into the forests with his captors, who were from Lakes Erie and Michigan, and were on their return. Campbell, at the end of seven days, was so exhausted that he was unable to travel, and was treated by the Indians with great severity. An old chief, taking compassion on him, protected him from further injury, and on reaching the Lakes adopted Campbell in whose family the young man remained during his three years' captivity.

During this time, Campbell made himself familiar with the Indian language their manners and customs, and soon acquired the confidence of the old chief, who took him on all his hunting excursions. During these they rambled over Michigan and the northern parts of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois. In 1749, a British force marched towards the Upper Lakes, of which the Indians were informed by their scouts. Campbell formed the bold resolution of escaping to this force. While out on one of their hunting excursions, Campbell left the Indians, and after a fortnight's tramp through the pathless wilds reached the British. The British commander was much interested in Campbell's account of his captivity and escape, and with his intelligence, and engaged him to pilot the army, which he did with success. Shortly after he returned to Augusta, after an absence of more than three years. For his services in piloting the army he received a grant of 1,000 acres of land near Louisville, Kentucky.

In 1772, his father, David Campbell, and family, removed to the " Royal Oak," on Holstein river, and in 1776, Arthur Campbell was appointed major in the Fincastle militia, and elected to the General Assembly. He was also a member of the convention for forming the Constitution. When Washington county was formed he was commissioned colonel commandant, and during the time he was in commission commanded several expeditions, particularly that against the Cherokees.

He was tall, of a dignified air, an extensive reader and good talker. He married a sister of Gen. William Campbell, and left issue at his death, in 1816, in Knox county, Kentucky.

William Campbell was born in Augusta County about the year 1745, and was of Scotch origin. He received a liberal education, and early displayed a taste and genius for military science. He was of well proportioned and commanding figure, being over six feet high, and of grave and dignified demeanor. In 1775, he joined the first regular troops raised in Virginia, having been commissioned a captain in the first regiment In 1776, he resigned, owing to the danger to which his family and friends were exposed from Indian hostilities, and returned to Washington county, where he was commissioned lieutenant colonel of the county militia, and the year following to the colonelcy on the resignation of Col. Evan Shelby, se'r. In this rank he continued until after the battles of King's Mountain and Guilford, when he was appointed by the Legislature of Virginia to the rank of Brigadier General, and was ordered to join LaFayette in opposing the British in 1781. After the defeat of the British General Furguson, Cornwallis imbibed a personal resentment, and had the temerity to threaten Gen. Campbell with death if he fell into his hands. To these threats Gen. Campbell responded by declaring that if Cornwallis fell into the hands of the Americans he would meet the fate of Ferguson. This, soon after, at the battle of Guilford, had nearly been the case, for had all the militia behaved with the firmness as did the wing commanded by Gen. Campbell, the British army must have met with total defeat.

On forming the army in Virginia, in 1781, under LaFayette, Gen. Campbell became a favorite of Lafayette, who gave him command of the brigade of light infantry and riflemen. A few weeks before the siege of Yorktown, illness caused him to retire to the country house of a friend, and there, in the thirty sixth year of his age, he expired. To military genius he united moral and social virtues and an exemplary life. His military career was short but brilliant with an inferior force of undisciplined militia, he marched in a few days near two hundred miles, over rugged mountains, in search of the enemy, who were commanded by experienced officers, and who had chosen at King's Mountain his field for battle. It was a strong position, more in the nature of a fortification than an open field. The assault on the British was impetuous and irresistible, and their victory glorious. It caused the retreat of the British army, and broke up their plan of an invasion of Virginia in that year. It also reanimated the friends of Liberty in the southern states, and was the prelude to the final triumph the following year at Yorktown.

The Virginia Legislature voted him a sword, horse and pistols for his conduct at King's Mountain, and named a county in his honor. Congress passed in his favor highly complimentary resolutions.

At the time of his death, LaFayette issued an order regretting the decease of " an officer whose services must have endeared him to every citizen and soldier," as one who had " acquired a glory in the affairs of King's Mountain and Guilford which will do his memory everlasting honor and ensure him a high rank among the defenders of Liberty in America."

William Fleming was a native of Scotland, and, while in his minority, emigrated to Virginia. He was represented as of noble blood, and had received a liberal education, which he sought to utilize on a broader field than that of his Caledonian home. Of a bold and adventurous spirit, he wandered from the early seats of colonization in Virginia to the mountains of Augusta, and was so much pleased with the beauty of the country, to fertility, and the hospitable manners and customs of the people, that he determined to take up his residence among them. He accordingly settled in that part of Augusta now known as Botetourt, and on the James river, about 1760. He took up large grants of public lands, which, enhancing in value, soon made him a man of fortune. He was a man of fine physique, vigorous constitution, enterprising spirit, and fond of athletic sports, in which he excelled, and of social tastes, which made him popular. When the war of 1774 was impending, he raised, under the orders of Gen. Andrew Lewis, a regiment, which he commanded at the battle of Point Pleasant, where he received a wound, from which he only partially recovered, and which hastened his death.

Col. Fleming married and left a family. One of his daughters, Anne, married Rev. George A. Barter, D. D., Rector, in 1798, of Liberty Hall Academy, Professor of Mathematics, Natural Philosophy and Astronomy, and minister of New Monmouth and Lexington churches, and, in 18319 Professor of Theology in Union Theological Seminary. On page 363 of Howe's History of Virginia, Col. Fleming is mentioned as having been Governor of Virginia during the Revolutionary war. This must be an error. Patrick Henry was Governor from 1776 to 1779; then Thomas Jefferson to 1781; then Thomas Nelson to November, 1781; then Benjamin Harrison to 1784, when Henry was again elected Governor.

-OLD LETTER.

Through the kindness of Mr. D. W. Bernard, in whose possession the original now is, we have been furnished with the following letter, written by the mother of the great Patrick Henry to Mrs. Fleming, wife of Col. Fleming. It is a quaint old document, which we are satisfied will possess for our readers an especial interest:

15TH Oct'r, 1774. Dear Madam : Kind Providence preserved me and all with me safe to our home in Hanover. Here people have been very sickly, but hope the sickly season is nigh over. My dear Annie has been ailing two or three days with a fever; the dear children are very well. My son Patrick has been gone to Philadelphia near seven weeks. The affairs of Congress are kept with great secresy, nobody being allowed to be present. I assure you we have our lowland troubles and fears with respect to Great Britain Perhaps our good God may brine good to us out of these many evils which threaten us, not only from the mountains but from the seas. I cannot forget to thank my dear Mrs. Fleming for the great kindness that you showed us when in Botetourt, and assure you that I remember Col. Fleming and you with much esteem and best wishes, and I shall take it very kind if you will let me hear from you.

My daughter, Betty, joins me in kind love to yourself and Miss Rosie, and especially to your dear good mother when you see her. I am, dear madam,
Your humble serv't,
SARAH HENRY.

James Madison was born, August 27, 1749, in that part of Augusta County now embraced within the limits of Rockingham, and near the present town of Port Republic. He obtained his early education in Maryland, and then at William and Mary College, where he matriculated 1768. He was distinguished at college for his diligence and attainments, and received a gold medal, presented by Lord Botetourt, in 1772. He studied law, and was admitted to the Bar, but soon abandoned it to study for the Col. F. was for a brief period acting Governor. ministry In 1773, he was chosen Professor of Mathematics In William and Mary, and in 1775, proceeded to England, was admitted to holy orders, and was licensed by the Bishop of London for the colony of Virginia. On his return to Virginia he resumed his situation in William and Mary, and in 1777, became president of the college. He now returned to England to qualify himself more thoroughly for his position, and remained abroad till 1778. Returning home, he entered upon his college duties with zeal. In 1784, he retired from the mathematical department, and became Professor of Natural and Moral Philosophy, International Law, etc, and retained those positions, with the presidency, until his death, August, 1815, In 1785, the University of Pennsylvania conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Divinity.

Notwithstanding the Episcopal Church had been in existence for more than a century and a half in Virginia, she never had a Resident Bishop until 1785, being nominally a part of the Diocese of London. Her first Convention was held in May, 1785, when Bishop Madison presided.

At the period when Bishop Madison entered on his office, the Episcopal Church in Virginia was in a state of extreme depression, the clergy being few in number, and many suffering from poverty, and the Bishop expressed the fear, at this convention, "that the great dereliction sustained by our church hath arisen, in no small degree, from the want of that fervent Christian zeal which her many pious and zealous pastors ought more generally to have inspired." The Bishop made his first visitation in 1792. At this time he seems to have been intensely interested on uniting all sincere Christians: "There is no one," he says, " but must cordially wish for such a union, provided it did not require a sacrifice of those points which are deemed essential by our church; from them we have no power to retreat." At the New York convention of 1792, he opposed the use of "Articles" altogether, on the " principles of the confessional," and other like books.

His preaching was popular, and his character commanded respect, but his influence did little to revive the languishing interests of the church in Virginia.

His published works are a thanksgiving sermon, 1781; a letter to J. Morse, 1795 ; an address to the Episcopal Church in 1790; a eulogy on Washington, 1800; a discourse at the funeral of Mrs. Ann Semple, sister of President Tyler; a large map of Virginia, and several papers in Barton's journal.

Bishop Madison married, in 1779, Sarah Tate, one of the bright belles who adorned the society of Williamsburg. They left two children: James Catesby Madison, of Roanoke county, Va., and Susan, who married R. G. Scott, of Richmond.

Samuel McCulloch was born on Short creek, Augusta, now northwestern West Virginia, about 1752. At a very early age he distinguished himself as a bold and efficient bordered. As an Indian hunter, he had few superiors. He seemed to track the wily red man with a sagacity as remarkable as his efforts were successful. From early boyhood, he was almost constantly engaged in excursions against the enemy, or scouting for the security of the settle ments. It was mainly to these energetic operations that the frontier was so often saved from savage depredation, and by cutting off their retreat, attacking their hunting camps, and annoying them in various other ways, he rendered himself an extraordinary object of fear and hatred. For these acts they marked him. and vowed vengeance against his name. In consideration of his services, he was commissioned major in 1775, and in 1772 he performed a remarkable feat The circumstances connected with this achievement are as follows: During the siege of Wheeling, the Indians drove Major McCulloch to the summit of a lofty hill which overhangs the present city. Knowing their relentless hostility toward himself, he strained every muscle of his noble steed to gain the summit, and then escaped along the brow in the direction of Van Meter's fort At length he attained the top, and galloping ahead of his pursuers, rejoiced at his lucky escape. As he gained a point on the hill near where a road passes, what should he suddenly encounter but a considerable body of Indians, who were Just returning from a plundering excursion among the settlements. In an instant he comprehended the extent of his danger. Escape seemed out of the question, either in the direction of Short, creek or bade to the bottom. A fierce and revengeful foe completely hemmed him in, cutting off every chance of escape. What was to be done? Fall into their hands and share the most refined torture ? That thought was agony, and in an instant the bold soldier, preferring death among the rocks and brambles, determined to plunge over the precipice before him, full three hundred feet high and almost perpendicular. Without a moment's hesitation, for the savages were pressing upon him, he firmly adjusted himself in the saddle, grasped securely the bridle in his left hand, and supporting his rifle in the right, pushed his unfaltering horse over. A plunge, a crash crackling timber and tumbling rocks, were all that the wondering savages could see or hear. They looked, chagrined and bewildered, one at another, and while they inwardly regretted that the fire had been spared its victim, they could not but greatly rejoice that their most inveterate enemy was at length beyond the power of doing further injury. But, lo! ere a single savage had recovered from his amazement, what should they see but the invulnerable major, on his white steed, galloping across the peninsula. Such was the feat of Major McCulloch, certainly one of the most daring and successful ever attempted. The place has become memorable as " McCulloch's Leap," and will remain so long as the hill stands and the recollections of the past have a place in the hearts of the people.

It is to us a matter of regret that more of the stirring incidents in this man's life have not been collected and preserved. We have heard of many daring feats of personal prowess, but they come to us in such a mixed and unsatisfactory form as to render their publication unsafe.

We come now to the most painful duty of the biographer, the catastrophe, the death of his hero. Towards the latter end of July, 1782, indications of Indians having been noticed by some of the settlers, Major McCulloch and his brother John mounted their horses and left Van Metre's fort, to ascertain the correctness of the report They crossed Short creek, and continued in the direction of Wheeling, but inclining towards the river. They scouted closely but, cautiously; and, not discovering any such "signs as had been stated, descended to the bottom, at a point on the farm now owned by Alfred P. Woods, about two miles above Wheeling. They then passed up the river to the mouth of Short Creek, and thence up Girty's Point in the direction of Van Metre's.

Not discovering any indications of the enemy, the brothers were riding leisurely along (July 30, 1782,) and when a short distance beyond the "Point," a deadly discharge of rifles took place, killing Major McCulloch instantly. His brother escaped, but his horse was killed. Immediately mounting that of his brother, he made off to give the alarm. As yet no enemy had been seen; but, turning in his saddle after riding fifty yards, he said the path was filled with Indians, and one fellow in the act of scalping the unfortunate major. Quick as thought the rifle of John was at his shoulder, and in an instant more the savage was rolling in the agonies of death. John escaped to the fort unhurt, with the exception of a slight hip wound.

On the following day a party of men from Van Metre's went out and gathered up the mutilated remains of Major McCulloch. The savages had disemboweled him, but the viscera all remained except the heart Some years subsequent to this melancholy affair an Indian, who had been one of the party on this occasion, told some whites that the heart of Maj., McCulloch had been divided and eaten by the party. This was done, said he, that " We be bold, like Major McCulloch." On another occasion an Indian, in speaking of the incident, said, " The whites (meaning John McCulloch) had killed a great captain, but they (the Indians) had killed a greater one."

Before closing this notice, it may, perhaps, be well enough to advert again to the question of identity, for the two brothers have been associated with these deeds. In the first place, then, it seems generally conceded that the person who accomplished the feat was Major McCulloch, and the year of its occurrence 1777. Well, Samuel McCulloch was commissioned major in 1775, John not until 1795. Let the reader decide which must have been the man. In 1775-6-7 etc., Samuel McCulloch was one of the most active and distinguished borderers in Virginia, the pride of the settlements and a terror to the savages. John was born in 1759, and therefore, in 1777, was only eighteen years of age, quite too young a man to have rendered himself so odious to the fierce old Shawanese warriors. But there need be no necessity for depending upon doubtful conjecture or uncertain data. Without one single exception, all the older citizens agree in saying that it was Major Samuel. The late Col. Wood said so unhesitatingly and stated positively, that Major John never claimed the credit, although he (W.) often talked to him of the exploit Major John McCulloch was, perhaps, quite as brave and true as his brother. He did ample service in our long struggle for independence, and a more devoted patriot could not be found. He filled many important posts of honor and trust, and was greatly respected. The early records of Ohio county show that he acted a conspicuous part on the bench and otherwise.

The death of Maj. Samuel McCulloch occurred at the most unfortunate period of our history. It was in the Summer of that year (1782)50 memorable in the annals of the west The united tribes of the north and west were meditating an attack upon the' frontier posts of Virginia, and many feared that some of the weaker ones might yield. Amid such perilous scenes as these, the death of such a man could not but be greatly deplored.

Major McCulloch married a Miss Mitchell, and had only enjoyed the wedded life six months at the time of his death.

Ebenezer Zane was born October, 1747, in Augusta, now Berkeley Co., W. Va, The family is of Danish origin, but at an early day removed to England and thence in the 17th century to America. One branch settled in N. Jersey, the other in Va. The subject of this notice sprung from the latter branch. In 1770, he wandered to the west with his brothers Silas and Jonathan, and made his home on the site of the present town of Wheeling. In 1772 his family and a few friends removed from Berkeley to his new abode on the Ohio. There was not at the time a permanent Anglo-Saxon settlement from the source to the mouth of the Ohio. The little band at Wheeling stood alone in the immense solitude. Zane and his associates soon opened a "clearing" and grew a crop of corn. In 1773 many families joined the settlement Mr. Zane married a sister of the daring borderer, McCulloch, by whom he had eleven children. Zone's intercourse with the Indians was. marked by mildness and honorable dealing, hence his hamlet escaped the fury of the savages until 1777. All three brothers were men of enterprise, prudence and sound judgment, and the Wheeling settlement was mainly due to them for its security and preservation during' the revolution.

He was conspicuous during the siege of Fort Henry, and brought himself so prominently before the public that he received various marks of distinction from the Colonial State and Federal governments. He was a disbursing officer under Dunmore, and enjoyed under the Commonwealth numerous civil and military distinctions. He always preferred, however, the peace and quietude of his own home to the bustle and pomp of public place. He was as generous as brave; strictly honorable to all men, and most jealous of his own rights. He possessed, in an eminent degree, the constituents of a true gentleman, the disposition to render unto all their dues, the quick, delicate, accurate perception of others' rights and others' claims. His temperament was nervous bilious, quick, impetuous, and hard to restrain when excited. He was, in short, a plain blunt man. rude of speech, but true of heart, knowing nothing of the formalities of social life and caring about little else than his family, his friends and his country.

The personal appearance of Col. Zane was somewhat remarkable: dark complexion, piercing black eyes, huge brows, and prominent nose—not very tall, but uncommonly active and athletic, he was a match for almost any man in the settlement, and many are the incidents, in wood and field, told of his prowess and his strength. He was a devoted hunter and spent much of his time in the woods. But few men could out-shoot, and fewer still out-run Zane. In illustration of his skill with the rifle, we will give an incident: About the year 1781, some of the whites in the fbrt observed an Indian on the island going through certain personal movements for die especial benefit of those within the fort Colonel Zane's attention having been drawn to the indelicate performances, declared he would spoil the sport, and charging his rifle with an additional ball, patiently waited for the chap to re-appear. In a moment his naked body was seen emerging from behind a large sycamore, and commencing anew his performances, Col. Zane drew upon him a practiced aim and the next instant the native harlequin was seen to go through a peculiar gyration, believed not to have been "on the bills."

Col. Zane was a man of true courage, as is exemplified by his almost single handed defense of his own dwelling, in the fall of 1782.

The government of the United States, duly appreciating his capacity, energy and influence, employed him by an act of Congress, May, 1796, to open a road from Wheeling to Limestone, (Maysville.) This duty he performed in the following year, assisted by his brother Jonathan, and son-in-law, John Mclntyre, aided by an Indian guide, Tomepomehaia, whose knowledge of the country enabled him to render valuable suggestions. The road was marked through under the eye of Colonel Zane and then committed to his assistants to cut out. As a compensation for opening this road, Congress granted Col. Zane the privilege of locating military warrants upon three sections of land; the first to be at the crossing of the Muskingum, the second at Hock hocking, and the third at Scioto. Col. Zane thought of crossing the Muskingum at Duncan's falls, but foreseeing the great value of the hydraulic power created by the falls, determined to cross at the point where Zanesville has since been established, and thus secure this important power. The second section was located where Lancaster now stands, and the third on the east side of the. Scioto opposite Chillicothe. The first he gave, principally, to his two assistants for services rendered. In addition to these fine possessions, Col. Zane acquired large bodies of land throughout Western Virginia, by locating patents for those persons whose fear of the Indians deterred them undertaking personally so hazardous an enterprise.

After a life full of adventure and vicissitudes, the subject of our notice died of jaundice, in 1811, at the age of sixty four.

A singular custom with this borderer was to take an Autumn hunt in the Indian country. On one occasion he penetrated to the Muskingum, and fell upon a camp of four Indians. He waited till midnight, and then glided into the camp, his rifle in one hand, a tomahawk in the other. He rested his gun against a tree, and drawing his knife, approached the four sleeping warriors. Quick as thought he cleft the skull of one, in an instant a second was slain, the third, rising, shared the fate of his comrades, the fourth darted into the darkness and escaped, although Wetzel pursued some distance, uttering horrid yells.

During one of his scouts, he took shelter, on a stormy night, in a deserted cabin. He climbed into the loft to sleep, and had been there only a short time when six savages entered, lit a fire, and commenced preparing a meal. Soon after supper, the Indians fell asleep. Wetzel crawled down quietly, and going out, hid himself behind a log. In the morning one of the savages stepped forth. Wetzel, who had his finger on the trigger, shot him dead, and taking to his heels, escaped.

When twenty five, he entered the service of Gen. Harmer, commanding at Marietta. While thus engaged, he killed a friendly chief. He was arrested and confined in the fort He requested the general to give him up to the savages, of whom there were a large number present, and let him and them fight it out with their knives he against all. This the general refused to do, but allowed him to walk about the grounds, handcuffed, for the benefit of his health. Wetzel took advantage of this, and escaped. He made his way to the Ohio, swam the river, though his hands were in heavy iron handcuffs, went to the cabin of a friend, and was released. A large reward was offered by Gen. Harmer for his arrest, but the settlers became incensed at the idea of hanging a white man for killing an Indian, when they were killing the whites every day. Wetzel was afterwards recaptured, but set at liberty. During the career of this man of indomitable courage, energy and skill he killed twenty seven Indian warriors. He died in 1808. He was five feet ten inches high, erect, broad across the shoulders, deep chest, and limbs denoting great muscular strength. His complexion was dark, eyes black, wild and rolling. His black hair was luxuriant, and when combed out fell below his knees a rare scalp for the savages could they have secured it He loved his friends and hated his enemies He was a rude, blunt man of few words. His name and fame will long survive among the backwoodsmen.

Andrew Poe, one of the most formidable warriors of the border, was born about 1760, near Frederick, Md., and removed to northwest Virginia about 1774. He was shrewd, active and courageous, a thorough backwoodsman in every sense of the word. He was tall, muscular and erect, and determined to hold his own against the savages. In 1781, a party of six Indians crossed the Ohio near Poi's residence, and committed many depredations. Capt. Poe, with seven companions, pursued the barbarians, who were soon found to be under command of " Big Foot," one of the most daring, skillful and athletic of all the western warriors. Like Saul of old, Big Foot, who was nearly seven feet high, towered a head above his peers. Poe was delighted with the prospect of testing his strength with such a foe, and urged on the pursuit Poe separated from his men in search of the savages near the river (Ohio) and soon came upon Big Foot, who was resting under the shade of a willow, talking to a single companion, another warrior. Poe engaged them both in gladiatorial contest. During the struggle, Big Foot's companion staggered under a blow into the river, and Poe released himself from the giant grasp of Big Foot Before the giant could interpose, Poe shot Big Foot's companion, and engaged in a fist fight with the giant, during which both rolled into the river, and each attempted to drown the other. Carried out into the current beyond their depth, each was compelled to relax his hold and swim for his life. Big Foot, on reaching the shore, was shot by Poe's brother, who came up while they were in the water and comprehended the situation. Big Foot's death was a severe blow to his tribe, and enhanced Poe's feme prodigiously. Poe, during his whole life, was an active and useful frontiersman and Indian fighter, and at his death, in 1840, left numerous descendants.

Samuel Brady, called the "Marion of the West," was born at Shippensburg, Pa., 17569 and was the son of Jno. Brady who was made a captain in the Colonial army for his services in the old French and Indian war. In 1776 Samuel joined the army, was commissioned Lieutenant and marched to Boston. He continued with the army and was in all the principal battles until after that of Monmouth, when he was ordered to the west and joined Gen. Broadhead. Broadhead employed Brady as a spy o ascertain the strength, resources &c of the savages.

Disguised as savages, Brady, Williamson and Wetzel reached the Indian towns on the upper Sandusky. They entered the Indian village at night and made a thorough reconnoissance, and then retreated, traveling all night In the morning they discovered the savages in pursuit, but finally escaped, having killed one of the enemy. Satisfied with the information brought by Brady and his companions, Broadhead's army moved onward. During all the Indian wars up to 1794, Brady took an active part and no braver or bolder man ever drew a sword or fired a rifle. He married a daughter of Capt. Van Swearengen, of Ohio county, and left descendants.

One of the most active, daring and successful Indian hunters in the mountain region of Virginia was Jesse Hughes, sometimes styled the Wetzel of his portion of the State. He was born on the headwaters of the Monongahela, Va., about 1768, and early became skilled in the use of the rifle and tomahawk. He was a man of iron constitution, and could endure extraordinary privations and fatigue. Many anecdotes are told of his encounters with the red men and of the invaluable services he rendered to the white settlements on the Monongahela. Jesse Hughes was more than a match at any time for the most wary savage in the forest. In his ability to anticipate all their artifices, he had few equals and no superiors. He was a great favorite, and no scouting party could be complete unless Jesse Hughes had something to do with it

James Waddell was born in Ulster, Ireland, July, 1739, of Scotch parentage. Shortly after this event, his parents emigrated to America, and settled, in the Autumn of 1739, in Pennsylvania. Here he remained until 1753, during which period the foundation of a liberal education was laid at the " log college" of a Dr. Finley, at Nottingham. His proficiency in the ancient languages caused him, while yet a lad under fifteen, to be selected as a tutor in the school, and afterwards in that of Dr. Robt Smith. While a member of Dr. Finley's school, he embraced religion, and " a constraint was on him to preach the Gospel." When nineteen years of age he left Pennsylvania for South Carolina to open a school, and passing through Virginia, made the acquaintance of Rev, Samuel Davies, of Hanover. They soon became devoted friends, and Waddell abandoned his purpose of going south, and became a teacher in the school of Rev. John Todd, of Louisa, and here commenced the studies preparatory for the sacred ministry. In 1760, he offered himself to Hanover Presbytery as a candidate for the Gospel ministry, then meeting at the Stone church, in Augusta, and was licensed and appointed to preach the Gospel as a candidate for the holy ministry, January, 1761. His ministerial talents were so remarkable that during this year he received numerous calls, among them one from Brown's meeting house (Hebron), and another from Joining's Gap, Augusta. All of these he declined. In June, 1762, he was regularly ordained, and accepted a call from lancaster and Northumberland counties. Colonel James Gordon, a wealthy and influential merchant, whose daughter he subsequently married, was the principal Presbyterian in the community to which Mr. Waddell now removed, and to which he devoted the most active part of his ministerial life. He, in fact, continued here until 1778, when, on account of ill health and the inroads of the Revolutionary war, he removed to Augusta. There was much persecution of Dissenters in those colonial days, and Mr. W. was assailed from the pulpit and by the press, Rev. William Gisberne, of Richmond county and parish, making himself conspicuous by calling Mr. W., in one of his sermons, "a pickpocket, dark lantern, moonlight preacher and enthusiast," at the same time raising a hue and cry for the arrest of " the new light, instigated by folly, impudence, and the devil, and bringing him to the whipping post" (Foote. p. 373.) Mr. Waddell vindicated himself from these scurrilous attacks in a dignified and truly Christian letter, of date July 21st, 1768, addressed to his calumniator, in which he advised him, above all things, to abstain from bitter invectives and scurrilous language against others, and bidding him farewell, assured him, with grim humor, that in all things wherein he, Mr. Gisberne, thought him his enemy, he, Mr. Waddell, was his friend and most humble servant In April, 1774, Mr. Waddell was called to Timber Ridge, which call he declined. In 1778, he removed to his estate of Spring Hill, near Waynes-boro, Augusta, where he resided seven years, acting continuously as minister of Tinkling Spring and sometimes at Staunton. During this time he animated the soldiers by his patriotic addresses, urging them to go forth in defense of their native or adopted land. To the forces of Campbell, McDowell and Moffett assembled at Midway before marching to North Carolina to oppose Lord Cornwallis, he preached stirring sermons on the great principles of the Gospel, and bade them a pastor's affectionate farewell. In 1785, he returned to his plantation of Belle Grove, in Louisa, where he resided until his death, in 1805. He was first buried at Hopewell farm, his former residence, but in 1881 his remains were removed to the memorial church, which bears his name, near Rapidan Station, oa the Virginia Midland railroad. His preaching places were Hopewell, near Gordonsville, the D. S. meeting house, about five miles from Charlottes-ville, at the Brick church, near Orange Courthouse, and occasionally at other points. Here he opened his classical school, in which so many Augusta boys were educated, and which acquired such a deservedly high and extended reputation. The great affliction of Dr. W.'s life was his blindness, caused by cataract. He suffered also from a nehrous complaint, which for some years previous to his blindness deprived him of the use of the pen. He was devoted to books, and after his loss of sight, his wife and other members of the family spent hours daily reading to him. His heavy bodily afflictions did not impair his spirits. He was always not only composed, but cheerful, happy and resigned. His powers of conversation were extraordinary, and his sermons rather in the style of a conversation than declamation. His voice was melodious, his gestures simple and dignified, and his eloquence irresistible. In 1798, he visited Maryland, and submitted to an operation for cataract It was successful, and the blessed light of heaven was restored to him for a brief period. The cataract, however, returned, but the good man stood at his post, like the true minister of Christ, and preached Him crucified faithfully " unto death." The great lawyer and statesman, William Wirt, thus describes Mr. Waddell in the " British Spy." His description immortalizes the writer and his hero:

"It was one Sunday, as I traveled through the county of Orange, that my eye was caught by a cluster of horses tied near a ruinous, old, wooden house, in the forest, not far from the roadside. Having frequently seen such objects before in traveling through these States, I had no difficulty in understanding that this was a place of religious worship "Devotion should have stopped, to join in the duties of the congregation; but I must confess, that curiosity to hear the preacher of such a wilderness, was not the least of my motives. On entering, I was struck with the preternatural appearance; he was a mil and very spare old man; his head, which was covered with a white linen cap, his shriveled hands, and his voice, were all shaking under the influence of a palsy; and few minutes ascertained to me that he was perfectly blind.

"The first emotions which touched my breast, were those of mingled pity and veneration. But ah! how soon were all my feelings changed. The lips of Plato were nevermore worthy of a prognostic swarm of bees, than were the lips of this holy man! It was a day of the administration of the sacrament; and his subject of course, was the passion of our Saviour. I had heard the subject handled a thousand times, I had thought it exhausted long ago. Little did I suppose, that in the wild woods of America, I was to meet with a man whose eloquence would give to this topic a new and more sublime pathos, than I had ever before witnessed.

" As he descended from the pulpit, to distribute the mystic symbols, there was a peculiar, a more than human solemnity in his air and manner which made my blood run cold, and my whole frame shiver. "He then drew a picture of the sufferings of our Saviour; his trial before Pilate; his ascent up Calvary ; his crucifixion, and his death. I knew die whole history; but never, till then, had I heard the circumstances so selected, so arranged, so colored! It was all new: and I seemed to have heard it for the first time in my life. His enunciation was so deliberate, that his voice trembled on every syllable; every heart in the assembly trembled in unison. His peculiar phases had that force of description that the original scene appeared to be, at that moment, acting before our eyes. We saw the very faces of the Jews: the staring frightful distortions of malice and rage. We saw the buffet; my soul kindled with a flame of indignation; and my hands were involuntarily and convulsively clenched.

"But when he came to touch on the patience, the forgiving meekness of our Saviour; when he drew, to the life, his blessed eyes streaming in tears to heaven; his voice breathing to God, a soft and gentle prayer of pardon on his enemies, 'Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do'— the voice of the preacher, which had all along faltered, grew fainter and fainter, until his utterance being entirely obstructed by the force of his feelings, he raised his handkerchief to his eyes, and burst into a loud and irrepressible flood of grief. The effect is inconceivable. The whole house resounded with the mingled groans, and sobs, and shrieks of the congregation.

"It was some time before the tumult had subsided, so far as to permit him to proceed. Indeed, judging by the usual, but fallacious standard of my own weakness, I began to oe very uneasy for the situation of the preacher. For I could not conceive how he would be able to let his audience down from the height to which he had wound them, without impairing the solemnity and dignity of his subject, or perhaps shocking them by the abruptness of the fall But no; the descent was as beautiful and sublime, as the elevation had been rapid and enthusiastic. "The first sentence which broke the awful silence, was a quotation from Rousseau, 'Socrates died like a philosopher, but Jesus Christ like a God!

"I despair of giving you any idea of the effect produced by this short sentence, unless you could perfectly conceive the whole manner of the man, as well as the peculiar crisis in the discourse. Never before did I completely understand what Demosthenes meant by laying stress on delivery. You are to bring before you the venerable figure of the preacher; his blindness constantly recalling to your recollection old Homer, Ossian and Milton, and associating with his performance the melancholy grandeur of their geniuses; you are to imagine that you hear his slow, solemn, well accented enunciation, his voice of affecting trembling melody; you are to remember the pitch of passion and enthusiasm to which toe congregation were raised; and then the few minutes of portentous, death-like silence which reigned throughout the house; the preacher removing the white handkerchief from his aged face, (even yet wet with the recent torrent of his wars,) and slowly stretching forth the palsied hand which holds it, begins die sentence, 'Socrates died like a philosopher then pausing, raising his other hand, pressing them both clasped together, with warmth and energy to his breast, lifting his 'sightless balls' to heaven, and pouring his whole soul into his tremulous voice 'but Jesus Christm like a God !' If he had been indeed and in truth an angel of light, the effect could scarcely have been more divine.

"Whatever I had been able to conceive of the sublimely of Massillon, or the force of Bourdaloue, had fallen far short of the power which I felt from the delivery of this simple sentence. The blood, which just before had rushed in a hurricane upon my brain, and in the violence and agony of my feelings, had held my whole system in suspense, now ran back into my heart, with a sensation which I cannot describe.. kind of shuddering, delicious horror 1 The paroxysm of blended piety and indignation to which I had been transported, subsided into the deepest self abasement, humility and adoration. I had just been lacerated ana dissolved by sympathy for our Saviour as a fellow creature; but now, with fear and trembling. I adored him as a God!'

"If this description give you the impression that this incomparable minister had anything of shallow, theatrical trick in his manner, it does him great injustice. I have never seen, in any orator, such a union of simplicity and majesty. He has not a gesture, an attitude or an accent, to which he does not seem forced, by the sentiment which he is expressing. His mind is too serious, too earnest, too solicitous, and, al the same time, too dignified to stoop to artifice. Although as for removed from ostentation as a man can be, yet it is clear from the train, the style and substance of his thoughts, that he is not only a very polite scholar, but a man of extensive and profound erudition. I was forcibly struck with a short yet beautiful character which he drew of our learned and amiable countryman, Sir Robert Boyle. He spoke of him as if ' his noble mind had, even before death, divested herself of all influence from his frail tabernacle of flesh', and called him. in his peculiarly emphatic and impressive manner, 1 a pure intelligence: the link between men and angels.'

" This man has been before my imagination almost ever since. A thousand times, as I rode along, I dropped the reins of my bridle, stretched forth my hand, and tried to imitate his quotation from Rousseau ; a thousand times I abandoned the attempt in despair, and felt persuaded that his peculiar manner and power arose from an energy of soul, which nature Could give, but which no human being could justly copy. In short, he seems to be altogether a being of a former age, or of a totally different nature from the rest of men.

"Guess my surprise when, on my arrival at Richmond, and mentioning the name of this man, I found not one person who had ever before heard of James Waddell! Is it not strange that such a genius as this, so accomplished a scholar, so divine an orator, should be permitted to languish and die in obscurity, within eighty miles of the metropolis of Virginia ?"

Daniel Sheffey was born at Frederick, Md., in 1770. He was bred a shoemaker in his father's shop. His educational was inconsiderable, but possessing an ardent desire for knowledge, he passed his leisure in reading, and became particularly fond of astronomy and mathematics. Arriving at manhood, he traveled on foot, with his " kit" on his back, to Winchester. From thence he walked through the Valley of Virginia, earning sufficient money by his trade to pay his expenses, until he arrived in Wythe county. Here he commenced his trade as a shomaker. The novelty and originality of his character, and the flashes of genius which enlivened his conversation, often compelled his new friends to look on the eccentric youth as a wonder. Becoming popular, he studied law in the office of Alex. Smyth, and was admitted to the Bar, and obtained business. After some years he located in Staunton, where he enjoyed a lucrative practice. He often represented Augusta in the House of Delegates, and in 1811, was elected to Congress. His speech in favor of a renewal of the charter of the first United States Bank was a masterly combination of sound judgment and conclusive facts; for three hours profound silence reigned, and all were astonished at his talents. He opposed the war of 1812. On one occasion he gave John Randolph, whose bitter sarcasm few could withstand, a severe retort In commenting on a speech of Mr. Sheffey, he said, " the shoemaker ought not to go beyond his last" In an instant, Mr. Sheffey retorted, " If that gentleman had ever been oa die shoemaker's bench, he never would have left it"

Mr. Sheffey was a plain man; his accent German, his pronunciation not agreeable, yet the most refined audience always paid him profound attention. He died in Staunton in 1830, leaving no son, but five daughters, one of whom married Rev. £. Boyden, of Albemarle, and they have a large family; a second, Oliver P. Baldwin, of Cleveland. Ohio, and they have numerous children, a third, Serena, married Hon. John F. Lewis, and they have a number of children, the eldest son of J. F. Lewis, Hon. D. S. Lewis, being United States Attorney for the Western District of Virginia in 1882, and a daughter, who married Mr. Davis, of Lewisburg, West Virginia. The remaining daughters of Hon. D. Sheffey are Ann E. and Mrs. Celestine Hanson, widow of the late Capt. Hanson, U. S. A,